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Did you know? Muskmelon is 90% water – making it the perfect summer fruit for hydration. Muskmelon, also commonly referred to as ‘Kharbuja’, the Hindi name of muskmelon, is a type of melon belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family.
In Ayurveda, it is called ‘Madhuphala’, a fruit known to cool the body and aid digestion. The fruit is high in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Additionally, muskmelon seeds are also edible and are rich in protein, fibre, and omega-3.
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Muskmelon, the scientific name ‘Cucumis melo var’ is a sweet and refreshing fruit that is usually grown in a warm climate with plenty of exposure to sun. Muskmelon is a popular summer fruit globally known to be a powerhouse of nutrients. Muskmelon goes by various names across region, culture, and languages including, Kharmuj, Kharabuja, Chibuda, Kakadi, Kharbuja, Kharbuj, Sweet melon, Melon, Turbuch, Teti, Chibdu, Shakarateli, Tarbucha, Khurbuza, Sakkarteli, Kachra, Patkira, Phut, Tuti, Kakni, and more.
Muskmelon is a summer fruit that grows best in hot, sunny months known to have several benefits like supporting immunity function, aids in digestion, good for hair & skin, supports heart health, reduces inflammation, and more. Muskmelon sowing season in India is around late February to April and the harvest time is between April to June.
Also Read: Custard Apple: Benefits & Nutritional Value
Muskmelon – the refreshing superfruit is known for its cooling effect & reducing body heat. The fruit is packed with essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants making it an excellent choice for staying hydrated, supporting immunity, and promoting overall well-being. Several health benefits of consuming muskmelon include:
Also Read: Corns & Calluses : Causes, Symptoms & Treatments
Muskmelon has numerous health benefits, thanks to its nutritional content. The fruit is surprisingly high in nutritional benefits despite being light and low in calories. Some of the nutritional content of muskmelon includes:
Additionally, muskmelon being sweet it’s low in sugar and fat, making it a perfect nutrient dense fruit.
Also Read: Why Indian Moms Age Faster — And How to Help Her Stay Healthy
The table below showcases the nutritional composition of 100 gms of muskmelon:
| Nutrient | Amount |
| Energy | 34 kcal |
| Water | 90% |
| Protein | 0.85 gms |
| Vitamin C | 36.7 mg |
| Vitamin A | 3382 IU |
| Calcium | 9 mg |
| Iron | 0.2 mg |
| Magnesium | 12 mg |
| Potassium | 267 mg |
| Fibre | 0.9 g |
Also Read: Ivy Gourd: Benefits & Side Effects
Consuming muskmelon in moderation is generally considered safe. However, there are possible side effects caused by overeating, including:
Read More: Dark Circles: Discover The Secrets to Brighter Eyes
Is muskmelon good for pregnancy?
Yes, muskmelon/kharbuja is a very healthy and safe fruit to eat during pregnancy.
Is muskmelon good for weight loss?
Yes, muskmelon helps with weight loss due to its low-calorie and high water content.
Can diabetic patients eat muskmelon?
Yes, diabetic patients can eat muskmelon in moderation.
Is muskmelon good for kidney patients?
Yes, consuming muskmelon is beneficial for patients with kidney issues given its high water content.
Before understanding and getting into the detailing of how one can detect early stage breast cancer we need to understand what breast cancer is. Knowing your breast and being able to differentiate between what’s normal and what’s not is very important. The look and feel of your breast are what will allow you to know the difference and the signs and symptoms of breast cancer can actually help in early breast cancer diagnosis.
Dr. Rohan Khandelwal shares his opinion and suggests how one can detect breast cancer at the early stages.
Women in the hustle and bustle of everyday life get so involved in their family’s health that they keep on ignoring their own health which can surely lead to severe health problems someday. That is why doctors suggest every woman visit and get herself tested every 6 months to 1 year. The test done for the detection of breast cancer is a mammography test.
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We have all heard the quote “Prevention is better than cure” so it is better to detect and treat something at an early stage so that severe damage and harm can be avoided. If Breast cancer is detected at an early stage there are 97-100% chances of cure or treatment but if it is spread and not treated on time it starts to spread to the lymph nodes of the armpits from where it may start to spread to other parts of the body as well. Once spread to other parts of the body, controlling and treating breast cancer becomes very difficult.
Simply put, early detection is the key to treating and curing breast cancer. Experts suggest and encourage women to really know their bodies. A woman can only know her body better than anyone else and that is why as mentioned above regular screenings and checkups are essential.
Knowing the signs and symptoms of breast cancer can actually help women detect and self-diagnose if they have breast cancer and allow them to seek immediate help from the experts. Therefore, below are some of the important and common symptoms that should be reported to a specialist immediately.
A lump in the breast is one of the most common signs of breast cancer and this can easily be self-diagnosed. The women should be able to touch, feel and understand the lump if any. A breast lump is a painless, hard and irregular shape lump.
There might be changes in the skin cells of the breast which may lead to pain in the breast. Slight tenderness and discomfort might be felt in the breast. The lump is usually found to be painless but the feeling of pain and discomfort should be ignored and one should get tested.
Breast cancer may cause the entire breast to enlarge/swell. This swelling may alter the appearance of your breasts. Even though it is possible for both breasts to be of different sizes, in the case of breast cancer, the swelling may be such that the disparity in each breast would be different from usual.
Breast cancer may cause the skin to change its colour. The breast may start to look bruised or discoloured. The breast skin may appear purple or reddish.
Skin tethering or dimpling means when the cancer cells lead to fluid buildup in the breast. This fluid causes swelling as well as the tethering /dimpling of the breast skin. The dimpling skin of the breast can be a sign of inflammatory breast cancer also called an aggressive type of breast cancer.
A breast cancer patient might observe thin or thick discharge from the nipples which may vary in colour, it may be clear, milky, green, red or even yellow. It is common and mandatory for breastfeeding mothers to see milky discharge but should seek medical assistance if any change in the milk is observed.
Breast cancer is a kind of cancer that develops in the tissues of the breast. It triggers when cells of the breast mutate and start to develop uncontrollably in the ducts and lobules or milk glands of the breast.
It can even travel to the lymph nodes of the armpits from where it can spread to other parts of the body. Although Breast cancer is found mostly in women, it can rarely occur in men, too.
Breast Cancer is the most common cancer among women in India and the world. In India, the incidence rate is rising, especially among urban women. The age of breast cancer is also coming down as it is increasingly affecting younger women. One main reason for the increased incidence rate is late detection.
Any of the above mentioned symptoms can be indicative of breast cancer. But the presence of any of these symptoms doesn’t necessarily mean that one has breast cancer.
It is also essential to note that not all lumps are cancerous. The majority of the breast lumps are benign. But some kind of benign lumps can raise the risk of breast cancer.
In case of any change or lump, that was not there before, it becomes critical that it be checked by the doctor to verify whether it is benign or cancerous and if it can affect any future cancer risk or not.
Also Read: Treatment of fibroadenoma without surgery | Is it possible?
The early detection of breast cancer is key to the successful control of the disease. Although there is no sure solution for the prevention of breast cancer, early detection can result in a good outcome.
Early detection is important as treatment options are more, if detected early and not only do chances of survival increase, the chances to preserve the breast are also higher.
Most breast cancers are detected on screening mammograms, which can find cancers at an early stage, mostly even before the appearance of any symptom or any kind of a lump.
Early detection is the major input in the treatment of breast cancers. There are many steps that can be taken to early detection of breast cancer when it is most curable. The most common tests to detect breast cancer are:
It is a very good preventive measure to know about the appearance and the feeling of the breasts so that any visible lump or changes can be noticed.
It is Consult your doctor to learn the best way of performing a breast exam. While there is no proof that it decreases mortality from breast cancer.
But it is recommended that every woman must be aware of the regular feel and look of her breasts.
It is recommended that one does the self-examination at least once every month, immediately after the monthly period.
A clinical breast examination is performed by a Doctor or another health professional who is trained to recognize any abnormality.
Usually, it is a gynecologist or a family physician who performs the breast exam. This is a physical exam in which your doctor or the healthcare professional using the finger pads palpates the breast, armpits, and collarbone to detect any warning signs.
For better treatment options, it is very essential to get diagnosed as soon as possible. For this, it becomes very important to report the doctor in case of any changes.
Some screening recommendations for the women at average risk advised by the American Cancer Society are:
This is one of the most important screening tests doctors perform for diagnosing breast cancer. This test is an X-ray of the breast area. A mammography test is an advanced test that can detect breast cancer up to 2 years before the tumour could be felt by the patient and doctor.
Informed decision at the right age: Women should consult with their health experts to discuss when the right age and right time is to start the screenings. Breast screenings are very beneficial as they can help detect the problem way before.
Men, like women, can be affected by breast cancer. In addition, different leading organisations have varying recommendations for when and how often people should be checked. It’s critical to discuss with your doctor about your risk and their screening recommendations.
The choice is up to you and the doctor.
Through the mammogram, the breast lumps can be detected up to 2 years before the presence of any visible symptom. Many women do not undergo any mammogram until the age of 40.
But it can be undertaken at a younger age in the case of high-risk women. A mammogram is like an Xray in which breast tissue is imaged using small radiation.
Several tests help to verify if a lump may be cancerous because non- cancerous lumps have different physical features. This difference is confirmed only by imaging tests like mammograms and ultrasounds. Only a doctor can advise when and how these tests should be done.
This is most recommended in the case of women have dense breasts. In such cases, mammograms are not very effective. It is also recommended if you are at high risk and MRI can’t be done. Or in case of pregnancy because exposure to radiation during a mammogram is not recommended.
By the means of this test, different images of the breast are combined into one to generate a single detailed image. Often, it is used after the diagnosis to know about the extension of cancer.
This can be combined with a mammogram in case of;
The only accurate method through which your Doctor can confirm breast cancer is a surgical breast biopsy. In this test, the oncologist uses a specialized needle under Xray guidance to take a sample of cells from the affected area. These cells are then tested in the laboratory to determine whether they are cancerous or not.
After being diagnosed with breast cancer it becomes very necessary for the doctor to know about the type and stage of cancer. Once the type and stage are determined, the oncologist can decide the best mode of treatment.
If you’re seeking a breast cancer diagnosis, our expert Breast Cancer doctors at The Breast Centre can help detect the disease at an early stage.
Q1. Can breast cancer be cured if detected early?
Early detection and treatment can help prevent breast cancer from advancing and may also help in curing and removing breast cancer from its roots.
Q2. Does a blood test show cancer?
Samples collected during a blood test may show cancer cells if any. This may help in the early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
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The period between 13-28 weeks marks the second trimester of pregnancy. Your baby continues to grow and your bump begins to look larger and more profound.
During the 2nd trimester, your morning sickness will likely subside and you will adapt to newer changes.
Though most of your troubling symptoms will ease by the second trimester, your body will continue to change to host the baby’s growth. You can expect the following second trimester symptoms or changes in your body:
Most of your baby’s organs have begun to form by the 2nd trimester. Your fetus will now continue to grow in a baby. Here are some changes that your fetus undergoes during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy:
The second trimester of pregnancy is often the easiest for most women. It is because the troubling symptoms are gone and your baby has not grown large enough to make you uncomfortable. However, you would require similar levels of caution and care during the 2nd trimester.
Here are some points to consider during the second trimester of your pregnancy:
Consult your obstetrician if you experience sudden weight gain, vision changes and swelling in the face or hands.
You should avoid consuming raw meat, unpasteurised dairy products and fish with high levels of mercury.
Common healthy fruits include oranges, mangoes, lemons, bananas, berries and apples.
Table of Contents Gallstones are small, hard crystals that form inside the gallbladder. What causes gallbladder stones is high-levels of cholesterol in bile. Bile is a fluid used in digestion. It is produced by the liver and gets stored in the gallbladder. Bile fluid promotes digestion by breaking down fluids and nutrients. Gallstone symptoms vary from one person to another. Some people do not experience any symptoms at all while others experience sudden and sharp abdominal pain, intensifying pain in your back and shoulder as well as nausea and vomiting. A healthy gallbladder diet can help in relieving symptoms of the disease. There is no specific diet that can treat gallstones. However, certain foods can help in relieving symptoms and maintain the health of your gallbladder. Food for gallbladder stone should include: Plenty of fruits and vegetables – You should eat at least five portions of colourful fruits and vegetables each day. Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants and soluble fibre and are low in calories. Starchy carbohydrates – Bread, rice, cereals and potatoes are some food items you can eat to maintain the health of your gallbladder. Low-fat dairy products – You should aim to consume 2-3 portions of dairy products such as milk and yoghurt. High-fibre foods – Foods rich in fibre support your digestive health by enhancing the movement of food as well as preventing the production of secondary bile fluids. Furthermore, fibre helps in reducing cholesterol levels. Healthy fats – Unsaturated, healthy fats like omega-3 fatty acids help protect the gallbladder against the development of stones. Fish, seeds and walnuts are good sources of healthy fats. Coffee – Coffee is known to have substances that balance chemicals and promote the health of your gallbladder. However, you should ensure to consume it moderately as excessive caffeine can cause dehydration. Calcium – Calcium is an essential nutrient to reduce your risk of gallbladder disease. You can include dark leafy green vegetables, low-fat dairy foods and orange juice to your diet to boost your calcium intake. There are certain foods that can trigger the development of gallstones. If you are at an increased risk of gallbladder disease, you should avoid the intake of such trigger foods Gallbladder foods to avoid include: Besides a healthful diet, you can improve your overall gallbladder health by living a healthy lifestyle. Sudden and increasing pain in the abdomen as well as back pain and nausea and vomiting are some early signs of gallstones. Yes, you can eat bananas if you have a gallstone as bananas contain vitamin C and B6 which are good for your gallbladder. A healthful diet can help break up and flush out gallstones without surgical intervention.Things you need to know
About gallstones
Food for gallbladder stone
Gallbladder foods to avoid
Other lifestyle tips
FAQs
This Mother’s Day, let’s honour the woman who has given us everything, often at the cost of herself. Indian moms, with their quiet sacrifices and endless love, often age faster than they should. It’s time to rewrite that story.
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“I still remember the moment. It was 2 AM, and I woke up to the sound of clattering dishes. There she was, my 52-year-old mother, hunched over the kitchen counter, packing tiffins for me and my sister before her 6 AM shift at the hospital. The yellow kitchen light caught the new streaks of grey in her hair, the deep lines around her eyes that no besan-haldi home remedy could fix anymore.”
“Mom, why aren’t you sleeping?” I asked.
“Just make sure you don’t go hungry tomorrow, my child,” she smiled, rubbing her swollen knees. That’s when it hit me: Her ‘normal’ was silently killing her.”
— Ritesh’s story
The ‘little signs’ that she keeps ignoring, are just the tip of the iceberg—and the data is terrifying:
Take the 30-Second Test:
Your result: “82% of early ageing is reversible—if you act now.”
Indian mothers have a habit of prioritizing everything but their health.
While we show them as the epitome of multi-tasking, overtime we forget that she is after all human, and like all of us she needs that extra care too!
Mothers are so used to taking care of all the nitty gritties of our lives, they have grown a much higher pain threshold than most of us. When we realise how much she endures silently, it is often too late.
Being hormonal is very common as mothers age. Most long-suffering lifestyle diseases thrive in comorbidities in the long term, making her health deteriorate faster than it should.
#1: Post menopause, women are at much higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. It shows up silently and does more damage than anticipated. Take this 15 minute test.
The 15-Minute “Physical Stress vs Age Test”A quick, non-invasive test to measure how stress is accelerating her biological ageing. |
What Does It Check? Cortisol levels (a chronic stress hormone linked to wrinkles, weight gain)Heart health markers (cholesterol, blood pressure, heart rhythm, etc.) |
Indian moms often dismiss exhaustion as “normal”—this will prove otherwise. While your mom will dismiss it calling it a waste of time & money, your persistence will prove to be your strongest defence: 15 minutes is all it takes!
Also Read: Post Menopausal Bleeding
Three critical nutrients Indian moms miss, leading to fatigue, memory fog, and premature ageing.
Vitamin D (80% of Indian moms are deficient)
Vitamin B12 (“Memory lapses” blamed on age)
Iron (“I have always been tired” = undiagnosed anaemia)
Moms assume these symptoms are “normal ageing”—but 90% improve within weeks of correction.
Fix It With:
“In my 33 years of practice, I have seen one thing work fastest for busy moms, and that is worrying for her children” says Dr Anjali Kumar, Senior Gynaecologist.
❌ “Mom, please schedule a check-up with the doctor.” (She will postpone)
✅ “Mom, I can’t sleep worrying about your health.” (Triggers her protector instinct)
Upgrade her morning routine with 3 powerhouse ingredients—faster than making chai. Replace “cold water” with:
Make it for her first—she will make it her habit once she feels the energy boost!
Also Read: Bone health during menopause: Tip to combat osteoporosis after menopause
At the CK Birla Hospital, we have seen 72-year-old grandmothers reverse “age-related” issues once treated. Because every Indian mother deserves to meet her great-grandchildren, without pain, without fatigue, without being last on her own priority list.
Next Step: Click below before she texts “Did you eat?” again.
Corn/Callus is a very common skin condition. Corns develop slowly and often go unnoticed as they seem like small hard patches of skin, and are mistaken as dry skin. Corns may or may not be painful and the condition is often associated with individuals using ill-fitting shoes, people who walk or stand for long periods, individuals with foot deformities, and more.
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Corns refers to thickened skin or buildup of hard thick areas of skin. Corns develop due to repetitive pressure or friction, these can form on any part of the body, however, they usually appear on the feet, hands, and fingers. Corns and calluses are often used interchangeably, although both are caused due to friction they are not the same. Corns appear to be small, hard, have a central core and are usually painful while calluses are larger, thicker patches of skin, and are often painless.
Individuals wearing tight shoes that don’t allow the toes to move smoothly, having foot deformities like bunions, hammertoe, flat feet, engaged in activities that involve prolonged standing, etc. are more prone to develop corns. Conditions like diabetes and arthritis increase the likelihood of developing corn.
The hardened layer referred to as corn is the body’s way of protecting the skin underneath from irritation and pressure. Foot corns are divided into three types, including:
Also Read: Dark Circles: Discover The Secrets to Brighter Eyes
Corns can have distinct features and are small, round, raised bumps surrounded by irritated skin. Some of the common symptoms include:
One of the most common signs of corn is associated with the appearance of hardened skin. The lumpy/bumpy skin may start to appear yellowish or pale in colour.
The most significant sign of foot corns are thickening, hardening and roughening of the area compared to the surrounding skin.
The affected part and the skin around tend to dry out and become hard. Corns specifically found on the tops or sides of the toe turn out dry and flaky and appear whitish.
Corns can be painful or tender when pressed or when pressure is applied. Additionally, the skin around can become tender and cause pain while walking or standing, especially while wearing shoes.
Another sign of corns are that they are located on tops/sides of toes or soles of feet, where friction is highest.
Read More: Custard Apple: Benefits & Nutritional Value
Corns/Callus are made of dead skin and form due to repeated friction, rubbing, pressure or irritation and pressure on the skin. Some of the leading causes of foot corns include:
Shoes that may be too tight can cause pressure on the toes and not allow them to move leading to corn formation. While wearing loose shoes allows the foot to slide causing friction which can also lead to corn formation.
Wearing high heels or thin-soled shoes can put extra pressure on certain parts of the foot, particularly the toes and balls of the feet.
Walking barefoot can put pressure on the foot, especially where there is bone pressure against the skin.
Foot conditions like bunions, hammertoes, or flat feet can change how pressure is distributed, leading to the formation of corns.
Repetitive activities that put pressure on the feet, like playing sports, manual labour requiring long standing or walking hours may lead to corn formation.
Genetics also plays a role in predisposing individuals to developing corns. Corns caused due to genetics may form in areas that don’t bear weight, like soles, palms, etc.
Also Read: Soaked Almonds vs Raw Almonds for Weight Loss
There are several medical and professional treatment options available for the treatment of foot corn including:
Foot corns can be trimmed or shaved by a podiatrist (a foot specialist). Trimming or shaving of the corn can provide immediate relief and is usually painless.
Treatment using corn pads can help avoid any further irritation and reduce pressure.
Salicylic acid treatment helps soften and break down thickened or hardened skin over time. Salicylic acid treatment can be coupled with other treatment options for better results.
Switch to shoes that fit properly with adequate room for toes to move freely. The medical professional may advise using a toe separator, or extra padding for a better outcome.
Surgery might be recommended in rare recurring cases, or cases caused by bone misalignment. The surgery might be required to correct the underlying issue leading to corns.
Read More: Beriberi (Thiamine Deficiency): Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatments (Vitamin D Deficiency)
Home treatment of foot corn/foot callus can be effective in managing and potentially resolving foot corns. Some of the most effective home remedies include:
Also Read: Chest Pain Due to Gas
Are foot corns or calluses contagious?
No, foot corns or calluses are not contagious.
How to soften foot corns or calluses?
Foot corns or calluses can be softened by soaking the affected area in warm water for 10-15 minutes, gently filing them, using moisturizer, etc.
Is foot callus related to diabetes?
Yes, foot corn can be a concern for people with diabetes.
Does foot callus hurt?
Usually, foot calluses are not painful, however, foot corns can be painful especially if they become thick or irritated.
Women’s health is influenced by a complex interplay of biological, social, economic, and environmental factors, impacting various aspects of their well-being including reproductive health, mental health, and overall health. According to WHO (World Health Organisation), the top five issues for women’s health include cancer (cervical, breast), reproductive health, maternal health, HIV, and STI (Sexually Transmitted Infection). One such condition that is often undiagnosed or overlooked leading to potential long-term consequences if left untreated is PCOD.
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PCOD – Polycystic Ovary Disorder, as the name implies is a condition where ovaries produce too many immature eggs that over time develop into cysts. PCOD is defined as a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Globally, around 6 – 13% of women of reproductive age are affected by PCOD. Polycystic ovary disorder is a prevalent hormonal disorder yet the majority of the women are unaware of the symptoms and overlook the symptoms as normal. Women suffering or diagnosed with PCOD often experience irregular menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth, acne, issues with conceiving, and more. According to several reports around 9 – 22% of Indian women are affected by PCOD. The condition if left untreated can lead to severe health concerns including, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, pregnancy complications, and more.
PCOD & PCOS, you may have heard people use the word interchangeably, but here’s what differs. PCOD (Polycystic Ovary Disorder) and PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) are both ovarian conditions that cause cysts and hormonal imbalance, however, PCOS is a more severe condition that can lead to metabolic issues. PCOS is a condition where ovaries may not release eggs regularly unlike PCOD where ovaries release many immature or partially mature eggs. Also, women suffering from PCOS may require medical help to conceive while PCOD patients can conceive with a bit of lifestyle changes. The table below compares both conditions:
| Basis | PCOS – Polycystic Ovary Syndrome | PCOD – Polycystic Ovary Disorder |
| Nature | Syndrome – more serious | Disorder – less severe |
| Ovulation | Absent or very irregular | Often occurs, may be irregular |
| Fertility | Affected, may require medical help to conceive | Can conceive naturally with lifestyle changes |
| Hormonal Imbalance | Significant hormonal imbalance | Mild hormonal imbalance |
| Long-term Risks | Higher risk of diabetes, heart disease | Lower risk of developing severe conditions |
There are several symptoms that may indicate PCOD though these signs can at times be common and often overlooked, it is important to notice the changes. According to Unicef.org, about one-third of menstruating women around the world suffer from PCOD. Some of the common symptoms of PCOD include:
The most common sign of PCOD is irregular periods (delayed, early or missed). Individuals diagnosed with PCOD often experience heavy bleeding or sometimes light or scanty periods.
PCOD can also lead to unexplained weight gain and even cause difficulty losing weight. Women suffering from PCOD may notice fat accumulation around the abdomen.
PCOD can cause changes to the skin and hair like acne or oily skin, dandruff, hair thinning on the scalp, an increase in facial and body hair, etc.
Another sign that may indicate PCOD. Women suffering from PCOD may experience irregular ovulation that may cause issues while conceiving and hormonal issues affecting egg maturation.
A common sign of PCOD is related to increased levels of male hormones leading to excess facial or body hair.
The exact cause of PCOD is still unknown, however, it can result from a combination of genetics, hormonal imbalance, inflammation, and other factors.
PCOD often runs in families, there’s a 50% chance of developing the condition if their immediate female relatives (mother, sister) have it.
The pancreas secretes insulin which aids in controlling blood sugar levels. Ovulation is impacted by the overproduction of androgens caused by an elevated insulin level. Additionally, being overweight or inactive can worsen the condition.
Conditions like PCOD and other related disorders can also be brought on by unhealthy lifestyle choices like excessive junk food consumption, smoking, and drinking too much alcohol.
Being overweight can worsen insulin resistance and worsen the condition and make it more noticeable. Additionally, some women may experience symptoms like irregular periods, and excess hair growth until they gain weight.
PCOD can also be caused by low-grade inflammation for a variety of reasons which can cause the ovaries to overproduce androgens.
Also Read: PCOD Diet Chart That Actually Works – Eat Right to Beat Hormonal Imbalance.
For accurate detection of polycystic ovary disorder, a thorough medical examination by a gynaecologist is essential. The specialist will review the symptoms and may suggest certain tests, a combination of imaging tests and physical examination helps accurately diagnose the condition. Some of the tests to diagnose PCOD include:
As of now, there is no permanent cure for PCOD, the treatment options help manage the symptoms and improve the quality of life. Treatment options usually involve a combination of medications and lifestyle modifications. Treatment options involve:
Treatment through hormonal medicines involves taking birth control pills that help regular hormones, reduce androgen levels, and help with symptoms like acne and excessive hair growth.
Treatment involves using progestin pills or combined estrogen-progestin pills to regulate menstrual cycle, and androgen levels, and protect against endometrial cancer caused by untreated PCOS.
Ovulation-stimulating medicines like Clomiphene Citrate, Letrozole, etc. can help stimulate ovulation.
These medicines are used to treat type 2 diabetes, improve insulin sensitivity, and regulate menstrual cycles.
Other treatment options through lifestyle adjustment involve:
What is the full form of PCOD?
PCOD stands for Polycystic Ovarian Disease.
Why does PCOD occur?
PCOD can occur due to a combination of factors including, hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, genetic predisposition, etc.
Does PCOD affect pregnancy?
Yes, PCOD can affect pregnancy.
What is a bilateral PCOD?
Bilateral PCOD refers to a condition where both ovaries exhibit characteristics of polycystic ovaries.
Is PCOD curable?
There is no permanent cure for PCOD.
What is the difference between PCOD and PCOS?
PCOD and PCOS are both ovarian conditions that cause cysts and hormonal imbalance, however, PCOS is a severe condition that may cause significant hormonal imbalance, affect fertility, and lead to irregular ovulation.
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Our skin health and overall well-being are linked to both internal and external factors including genetics, hormones, lifestyle factors, diet, stress, and more. An imbalance of these factors can cause various issues like dryness, dehydration, premature ageing, acne, breakouts, etc. One such condition caused by lack of sleep, genetics, skin changes with age, medical conditions, etc. is dark circles under the eyes. A dark circle under the eyes is a condition characterised by darkening of the skin below the eyes.
Stress is often linked to dark circles but it is not the only reason behind dark circles, other probable causes include genetics, dermatitis, hyperpigmentation, lack of sleep, dehydration, etc.
Dark circles are darkened or discolored areas under the eyes. The darkened colour may appear in shades of brown, blue, or purple, depending on the skin tone. Dark circles are usually not a medical concern and are considered a cosmetic concern.
Causes of dark circles can be associated with various reasons, one of the most common causes of dark circles is ageing. As we age, the skin below the eyes starts to loosen and thin out making the blood vessels more visible leading to darkening under the eyes. Other causes that lead to dark circles include:
Lack of Sleep: Lack of sleep is a leading cause of dark circles. Insufficient sleep can cause the skin under the eyes to look paler making the blood vessels more prominent. Additionally, fatigue and exhaustion can also contribute to the appearance of dark circles.
Genetics: The uncommon cause of dark circles is genetics, studies show that dark circles under the eyes may be hereditary.
Hyperpigmentation: Excessive exposure to the sun triggers the body to produce more melanin ( the substance that gives the skin its colour) contributing to the appearance of dark circles under the eyes.
Dehydration: Insufficient water consumption may cause the skin under the eyes to look dull leading to dark circles.
Rubbing the Eyes: Excessively rubbing the eyes can cause the skin under the eyes to swell and blood vessels to break making the skin look dark.
Dermatitis: Certain types of dermatitis can cause the blood vessels under the eyes to dilate and show through the skin leading to dark circles.
Lifestyle Factors: Lifestyle factors including excessive alcohol use, and smoking can contribute to dark circles.
Read More: Uses & Benefits of Castor Oil
Both medical and home remedies are effective ways for dark circle treatment. Dark circles can be treated faster and permanently with medical treatment options. The following are some medical treatments for dark circles:
Chemical Peels: Chemical peel is a procedure involving applying a chemical solution on the skin to remove the top layer of the skin leading to reducing the pigmentation under the eyes.
Topical Creams: Dark circle removal cream and lotions high in vitamin C and bleaching agents help lighten up the dark circles under the eyes.
Laser Therapy: Laser therapy stimulates collagen production, resurfaces, and tightens the skin contributing to reducing the darkened skin colour.
Tissue Fillers: Tissue fillers like hyaluronic acid gel and more are injected to add volume and reduce the appearance of shadows under the eyes.
Platelet-rich Plasma Injection: Injection of platelet-rich plasma can help speed up blood vessel growth, repair the skin around the eyes, and promote collagen production.
Read More: Skin Allergies- Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatments
Various home remedies help get rid of dark circles under the eyes. Some of the most common home remedies include:
Cold Compress: Putting something cold under the eyes can help shrink dilated blood vessels, reduce puffiness, and lighten the appearance of dark circles.
Cucumber: Cucumber is high on water and vitamin C, laying cucumber slices on the eyes can help with puffiness.
Teabags: Placing cold tea bags under the eyes can increase circulation as they are high in caffeine and antioxidants.
Getting More Sleep: Getting around 7 hours of sleep every day helps prevent shadows or darkening of the skin under the eyes.
Facials: Facials involve massage of the face and around the eye area to help with blood circulation and reduce the darkening of the skin under the eyes.
Also Read: How to Get Rid of Dark Circles Permanently
Prioritize Sleep: Take at least 7 hours of sleep at night, a lack of sleep can make dark circles more noticeable.
Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water every day as inadequate water intake can lead to skin dehydration making the blood vessels more visible.
Limit Alcohol & Smoking: Avoid smoking or alcohol consumption excessively as it can lead to dehydration and accelerate ageing.
Eat a Balanced Diet: Switch to a balanced diet consisting of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, etc. to provide the skin with essential nutrients.
Manage Stress: Stress can contribute to pigmentation and affect overall skin health. Practicing yoga and meditation can help reduce stress and help with skin darkening.
Read More: 10 Home Remedies for Anti-Aging
What causes dark circles?
Dark circles can form due to various reasons including, lack of sleep, dehydration, allergy, genetics, ageing, etc.
What deficiency causes dark circles?
Deficiency of vitamin B12, vitamin K, and vitamin E can contribute to dark circles.
Can dark circles be removed permanently?
Permanent removal of dark circles can be challenging if caused by ageing or genetics. However, lifestyle changes, medical treatment, etc. can help reduce the appearance.
Are dark circles curable?
Yes, dark circles are curable and the skin darkening can be significantly reduced with lifestyle changes and medical treatments.
What should I use for dark circles?
Topical creams, and home remedies like using cold compress, cucumber, teabags, etc. can significantly help reduce dark circles.
Is dark circles hyperpigmentation?
Yes, dark circles are also called periorbital hyperpigmentation.
Can ice make dark circles go away?
Ice can help to temporarily reduce the appearance of dark circles, however, it won’t eliminate them.
Does putting green tea bags under the eyes help reduce dark circles?
Yes, applying cold tea bags can help reduce dark circles under the eyes.
Does potato juice help in reducing dark circles?
Yes, potato juice can help reduce dark circles under the eyes.
Did you know? Jamun’s fruit, leaves, bark, and seeds all have various traditional & modern medicinal uses. Jamun, also commonly referred to as Indian blackberry or java plum, is a fruit native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Jamun has myriad health benefits including controlling blood sugar, helping with digestion, enhancing immunity, improving liver function, and more.
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Jamun, scientifically called Syzygium cumini is characterised as a small, dark purple fruit with a sweet tangy taste packed with dozens of health benefits. In many cultures and different regions of the world jamun is not just considered an exotic fruit rather it is also used as a natural remedy to treat a variety of ailments. Surprisingly, jamun is a diabetic’s best friend, as it helps balance sugar without the bitterness of medicine. Jamun is rich in essential nutrients like vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron, and antioxidants.
Jamun goes by several names including Jambolan, Java Plum, Purple Plum, Damson Plum, Portuguese Plum, and more. The deep purple fruit belongs to the myrtle family and the origin is linked to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The compounds found in jamun include anthocyanins, ellagic acid, glucoside, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin.
Also Read: Benefits & Side Effects of Muskmelon (Kharbuja)
Jamun is a highly nutritious fruit with various health benefits. It is low in calorie count but high in nutrients like vitamin C or ascorbic acid, carbohydrates, protein, iron, and more. The fruit is also rich in nutrients like potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium. Some of the nutritional content of jamun includes:
Also Read: Healthy Diet Chart for High Blood Pressure Patients
The table below showcases the nutritional composition of 100 gms of Jamun:
| Nutrient | Amount |
| Energy | 62 kcal |
| Protein | 0.7 g |
| Fat | 0.2 g |
| Dietary Fibre | 0.6 g |
| Vitamin C | 18 mg |
| Iron | 1 – 2 mg |
| Calcium | 15 – 20 mg |
| Potassium | 55 mg |
| Magnesium | 15 – 20 mg |
| Vitamin A | 3 IU |
Additionally, the antioxidants help combat oxidative stress and inflammation of the body. Jamun also aids in digestion and prevents constipation.
Must Read: How to Stay Cool, Healthy & Productive during Indian Summers
Jamun is known as a powerhouse of health benefits, from managing diabetes to supporting skin care jamun is regarded as a nutrition-rich superfruit. Adding jamun to the diet has numerous benefits including:
Jamun is rich in jamboline and jambosine (bioactive compounds) which slows down the conversion of starch into sugar. Additionally, despite being naturally sweet, jamun is low on the glycemic index making it a favourable choice for people managing diabetes.
Jamun is widely preferred as it helps boost immunity. The fruit is rich in vitamin C and antioxidants and helps strengthen immunity and fight off infections.
Jamun has high fibre content and astringent properties. These properties help treat conditions like diarrhoea, ulcers, dysentery, etc and tighten tissues of the digestive tract, and reduce inflammation all contributing to better digestive health.
Jamun works wonders when it comes to maintaining skin & hair health. The antioxidant property and vitamin C content helps reduce signs of ageing, promotes collagen production, and reduces acne, pimples, etc.
Consuming jamun helps maintain healthy blood pressure level, as jamun is rich in potassium content which helps in counteracting the effects of sodium, thereby preventing hypertension. Also, the antioxidants help reduce cholesterol levels and support overall cardiovascular health.
The oval-shaped purple fruit is rich in anti-bacterial properties which help fight off bad breath, reduce gum bleeding, and maintain overall dental hygiene.
Jamun is high in dietary fibre and low in calories which promotes a feeling of fullness while keeping the calorie intake low contributing to weight control.
Jamun is known to have hepatoprotective properties that help repair liver cells, lower enzyme levels, and detoxify the liver.
Jamun is known to have numerous health benefits when consumed in moderation, though it can have certain side effects if consumed excessively or if consumed by individuals with certain medical conditions. Some of the possible side effects of consuming jamun include:
Jamun is known to control and lower blood sugar levels which benefits diabetic individuals, however, people who are already on diabetes medicines or individuals with naturally low blood sugar levels consuming jamun excessively can cause symptoms like dizziness, sweating, confusion, etc.
Consuming jamun like other fruits can cause allergic reactions in some individuals and show signs like itching, swelling, hives, etc.
Jamun is rich in iron, and consuming the fruit in excess can lead to iron overload in the body causing symptoms like joint pain, fatigue, and even organ damage overtime.
In some individuals consuming jamun in excess can lead to gastrointestinal issues like constipation, bloating, and acidity.
The key lies in consuming the nutrient-rich fruit in moderation. Additionally, the fruit can also be enjoyed while having it as fresh juice or mixing the jamun seed powder with water or smoothies. Adding jamun to your daily diet can prove to be beneficial to promote overall health and manage conditions like diabetes effectively.
Must Read: Why Indian Moms Age Faster — And How to Help Her Stay Healthy
Can we eat jamun during pregnancy?
Yes, Jamun is considered safe & healthy during pregnancy and can be consumed in moderation.
Is jamun good for diabetes?
Yes, jamun works wonders for diabetic patients by regulating blood sugar levels and enhancing insulin activity.
Is jamun good for kidney patients?
Yes jamun is considered good for individuals with kidney issues due to its diuretic properties, which helps promote urine production and support overall kidney function.
