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Ivy Gourd: Benefits & Side Effects
May 12, 2025|Ms. Deepali Sharma

Ivy Gourd: Benefits & Side Effects

What is Ivy Gourd (Kundru)

Ivy gourd is a vegetable packed with essential nutrients vital for maintaining overall health. The vegetable offers a good source of vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron, potassium and more. Additionally, ivy gourd is consumed widely as it helps support digestion, boosts immunity, helps fight infections (as its high in antibacterial & antifungal properties), regulates blood pressure, aids in weight loss (as it promotes fullness), etc.

Ivy gourd is also referred to as Kundru, Tindora, Tendli, Dondakaya, Kovai, Little Gourd, Scarlet Gourd, and more. The vegetable is widely consumed in various cuisines across India and Asian countries. Ivy ground, scientific name Coccinia grandis, is a tropical vine belonging to the cucumber family. The vegetable is oval-shaped with a size like a small cucumber while the leaves are heart-shaped and bright green in colour. The vegetable is consumed as curries, salads, soups, pickles and more. Ivy gourd is native to tropical Asia and is known to be used by Ayurvedic practitioners and traditional Thai healers as a natural remedy. 

Also Read: Healthy Diet Chart for High Blood Pressure Patients

What are the Nutritional values of Ivy Gourd (Kundru)?

Ivy gourd is known for its high-nutritional content, the fruit of ivy gourd is used in preparing traditional medicines for several diseases and infections. Additionally, the leaves of the plant are used for treating fever, bronchitis, jaundice, and osteoarthritis

The vegetable is consumed as it helps regulate blood sugar, supports digestive health, has inflammatory properties, supports weight management & more.

  • Ivy Gourd is low in calories making it perfect for a light, healthy diet.
  • High in Vitamin C, making it good for immunity & skin health.
  • Rich in fibre content supporting digestion & gut health.
  • The iron content helps against mild anaemia.

The table below showcases the nutritional composition of 100 gms of Ivy Gourd:

Nutrient Amount
Calories 18 kcal
Carbohydrate 3.2 g
Fat 0.1 g
Dietary Fibre 1.4 g
Vitamin C 1.56%
Iron 17.50%
Potassium 0.0064
Calcium 0.04

Also Read: Diet Chart for Diabetic Patient

What are the Benefits of Ivy Gourd (Kundru)?

Ivy gourd – a low- calories, high-benefit veggie is known to have numerous health benefits, especially for diabetic patients. The plant’s fruit, leaves, and even roots are used as a natural remedy. The benefits of consuming Ivy gourd include:

  • Help Manage Blood Sugar Level:

    Ivy gourd is widely consumed as it is known to control blood sugar level. It contains compounds that help regulate blood sugar, improve glucose mechanism, and insulin sensitivity. 

  • Aids in Weight Management:

    The vegetable is high in dietary fibre and low in calories, making it a perfect choice for individuals looking to lose weight by promoting a feeling of fullness while keeping the calories intake low. 

  • Promotes Gut Health:

    Adding Ivy gourd to the diet promotes regular bowel movements and prevents constipation given its high content of dietary fibre. Additionally, fibre acts as a probiotic and helps promote healthy bacteria.

  • Boosts Immunity:

    Consuming Ivy gourd is also linked to boosting immunity as the vegetable is high in vitamin C which helps promote white blood cells and enhances the body’s ability to fight infections. 

  • Helps Prevent Cancer:

    Ivy gourd is packed with antioxidant and beta-carotene properties. These nutrients are known to suppress the growth of tumour cells and help prevent cancer. 

  • Promotes Heart Health:

    The vegetable is a good source of potassium, the mineral essential for optimal heart health, as it helps regulate blood flow and prevent heart diseases. 

  • Anti-inflammatory Property:

    Ivy gourd has anti-inflammatory properties, which helps manage inflammatory conditions

  • Protection Against Allergies:

    Ivy gourd is high in nutrients like saponin, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids and glycosides which helps protect from allergic conditions.

 

Health Benefits of Ivy Gourd

 

  1. Regulates Blood Sugar
  2. Boosts Immunity
  3. Improves Digestion
  4. Supports Weight Loss
  5. Protects Liver 
  6. Lowers Cholesterol
  7. Hydrates Body
  8. Prevents Kidney Stones

What are the Side Effects of Ivy Gourd (Kundru)?

Consuming Ivy gourd is usually considered safe, though some individuals may experience side effects like:

  • Skin Irritation: Some individuals may experience skin irritation after contact with the fruit, plant, fruit, leaves or stem.
  • Hypoglycemia: Excessively consuming Ivy gourd can result in low blood sugar, particularly for individuals who are already on diabetes medication.
  • Bloating: Consuming Ivy gourd in large amounts may cause bloating in some individuals. 

The key lies in consuming the nutrient-rich vegetable in moderation. Additionally, the vegetable can also be enjoyed as curry, salad, pickles, soups, etc. Adding Ivy gourd to your daily diet can prove to be beneficial to promote overall health and manage conditions like diabetes effectively. 

Read More: Benefits & Side Effects of Muskmelon (Kharbuja)

FAQs

Does ivy gourd reduce memory?

No, there is no evidence suggesting that consuming Ivy gourd reduces memory. 

Consuming Ivy gourd is safe during pregnancy? 

There is not much research regarding consuming Ivy gourd during pregnancy.

8 Proven Strategies to Stay Cool, Healthy & Productive in Summer
May 12, 2025|Ms. Deepali Sharma

8 Proven Strategies to Stay Cool, Healthy & Productive in Summer

Summer – the word once used to be synonymous with vacations, ice cream, and never-ending fun. As a child, it was a time of joy, but with time, the season appears to be less of a vacation and more of a routine – blistering heat and a jam-packed schedule without the magic it once held. 

Though there’s good in it – a reminder to take things easy, drink plenty of water, look after your health, and find small bits of happiness in amongst the heat. Summer might’ve changed, but it still possesses its own kind of sunshine.

Summers in India typically last 3 – 4 months, and let’s be honest, Indian summers are brutal. The mercury’s rising, the ACs are groaning, and stepping out at noon feels like entering a furnace. But while most of us focus on sunscreen and staying hydrated (important, yes), we often miss the deeper health risks that come with long-term exposure to extreme heat.

Temperatures soar easily above 40°C, especially in northern and central India. The heat isn’t just causing discomfort, it can impact health significantly, leading to conditions like dehydration, fatigue, heatstroke, digestive issues, and more. But with the right care, summers can also be a time for rejuvenation. This summer, think beyond the basics. 

Here are 8 proven strategies to stay cool, healthy & productive and beat the heat smartly, especially if you’re juggling a desk job, deadlines, and daily commutes.

Also Read: Dragon Fruit: Benefits, Right Way to eat and who should avoid

8 Proven Strategies to Stay Cool, Healthy & Productive

  1. Embrace Stress Management Techniques:

    To effectively manage stress during summer, prioritizing self-care is the key. While most of the summer health tips focus on hydration and heat-related illness, mental well-being takes a back seat. Intense heat, disrupted routine, and social fatigue can take a toll on emotional balance. High temperatures reduce deep sleep phases like REM, making us feel tired and unfocused the next day. This can directly spike cortisol (stress hormone) levels. This leads to irritability, lack of focus, and anxiety. Here’s how to care for your mental well-being.

  • Mindfulness & Meditation:

    Practice meditation or take a 10-minute mindfulness break in a cool room at home or at your office as it can help induce a state of deep relaxation, lower blood pressure, and ease stress.

  • Breathing Exercises:

    Intense heat can directly or indirectly contribute to irritability which can hamper productivity resulting in stress. Doing deep breathing exercises can help quickly and effectively lower stress and lead to calmness.

  • Time Management Strategies:

    During the summers, the mornings are cooler. Wake up early to tackle the most demanding tasks before the heat sets in. Additionally, schedule the less demanding tasks for the afternoon. Following this helps the effective completion of tasks while avoiding exposure to the scorching heat.

  1. Build a Summer Skin Care Routine:

    Building a summer skin care routine is quite essential, as summers are unforgivable for the skin – sun exposure, pollution, humidity can all contribute to tanning, breakouts, clogged pores and more. Here’s how to build a summer skin care routine:

  • Hydrate Your Skin:

    Keeping the skin hydrated is crucial. Using a lightweight toner, rose water, and cucumber toner works great and provides the skin adequate hydration. Hydrating serums also help keep the skin plump without the feeling of heaviness.

  • Choose the Right Products:

    Selecting the skin care product like sunscreen, serum, moisturizers, based on the skin type is essential. Choose products that are gentle for the skin and don’t clog pores.

  1. Incorporate Energy-Boosting Foods:

    What we eat during summers plays a major role in how the body reacts to heat, fatigue, and dehydration. Energy-boosting food has a direct impact on staying cool, healthy, and productive during the summer. Some of the foods to incorporate into your daily diet during summer are:

  • Lean Proteins:

    During summers digestion slows down, thus the focus is on eating lighter meals that provide the body with essential nutrition. Adding lean proteins help repair tissues, support metabolism, and provide a feeling of fullness. Lean proteins to eat during summer include, green gram, fish, low fat yoghurts, tofu, nuts, seeds, and more. 

  • Healthy Fats:

    Healthy fats are directly related to healthy functioning of various parts of the body like brain function, hormone balance, skin glow, and more. Eating foods high in healthy fats support hydration and energy. Some of the foods to eat during summer with the right kind of healthy fats include avocado, seeds, cold pressed oils, fatty fish, and more. 

  1. Snack Smart with Healthy Summer Options:

    Healthy snacks help fuel the body between meals. Snacking options in the summer should be light on the stomach, hydrating, and nourishing. Some of the best snacking options include: 

  • Seasonal Fruits:

    Summers are just not about heat; they are also about delicious fruits that offer numerous health benefits. Fruits like watermelon, muskmelon, berries, and papaya help keep the body hydrated and are rich in vitamins and antioxidants. 

  • Veggie Platters with Dips:

    Vegetables are a vital part of a balanced diet, especially in hot Indian summers. Summers are the season of cucumbers, bottle gourd, spinach, carrot, and more. Adding these to everyday diet in summer provides hydration, fibre, and antioxidants to cope with heat, fatigue, and digestive issues.

  1. Stay Refreshed with Hydrating Beverages:

    We all have heard that drinking water is very crucial in summers, and yes, it is, but when we sweat, it is just not water that drains. Did you know excessive sweating drains electrolytes like sodium and potassium? The best ways to maintain hydration during the summer include:

  • Infused Water Recipes:

    Add water infused recipes to your summer diet, as these are light, flavorful, and packed with natural detox benefits. Eg. Cucumber, mint, and lemon mix or watermelon and basil recipes, and more are classic coolers, promote digestive health, and are great for immunity.

  • Herbal Iced Tea:

    Herbal iced teas are caffeine free drinks that are high in antioxidants. Chamomile & mint iced tea, green tea with lemon & mint, are some of the common herbal iced teas known for their cooling benefits, digestion support, and immunity. 

  • Natural Smoothies:

    Smoothies are another cooling beverage with delicious taste. Some of the natural smoothies to have during summers include pineapple, papaya & mint smoothie, watermelon, strawberry & basil smoothie, etc. Smoothies are great for hydration, are vitamin rich, and support digestion.

Also Read: Health Benefits of Chia Seeds

  1. Make Time for Physical Activity:

    Staying physically active in summer is crucial as it improves energy, mood, and overall health. Though deciding the exercising time during summer is essential. 

  • Outdoor Exercise:

    Outdoor exercise should be preferred in the early morning when the sun is softer, the air is fresh, and the body is well rested. Outdoor exercise for early summer mornings may include walking, jogging, yoga, or cycling. 

  • Group Classes or Sports:

    Group classes and sports can be motivating and fun. Sports activities like swimming, pilates, group walks, zumba classes, etc, make exercising fun and energizing even in warmer months. 

  1. Create a Productive Work Environment:

    Summers can drain energy and affect focus, resulting in productivity challenges. Some of the ways to create a productive environment during the summer include:

  • Optimize Lighting & Temperature:

    Choose a cool, well-ventilated spot with good airflow. Use light curtains and blinds to reduce heat and glare, also avoid sitting in places with direct sunlight.

  • Green it Up:

    Add indoor plants like money plant, lilies, and aloe vera as they purify the air and create a calming vibe.

Also Read: Healthy Diet Chart for High Blood Pressure Patients

  1. Foster Social Connections:

    Summers makes us all want to retreat indoors to escape the heat. And we’re all aware that building a good social life is as important as physical wellness. It helps boost mood, lower stress, and keeps us mentally energized. Certain ways to foster social connections during the summer include: 

  • Engage in Group Activities:

    Engaging in group activities during the summer is a good way to stay active, have fun while keeping the body energized, and be socially active. Group activities to engage in include yoga, swimming, walking, art & craft, book clubs, summer potlucks, and more.

Remember: Heat isn’t just a weather update, it’s a health risk, especially in urban India. Preventive care isn’t just for monsoons and winters – it starts now. Be mindful, act early, and help those around you stay safe too. Stay cool. Stay kind. Stay healthy.

Breastfeeding: Advice, Nutrition & Tips
May 12, 2025|Dr. Anjali Kumar

Breastfeeding: Advice, Nutrition & Tips

  • Breastfeeding has numerous health benefits for the mother and child
  • Breastfeeding can be a tricky task in the beginning and new mothers may need support
  • Consult your obstetrician to help understand your baby’s nutritional needs

Breastfeeding is also known as nursing. It includes feeding your infant breast milk directly from the breast.

Breastfeeding is highly encouraged by maternal care experts worldwide for its health benefits. Every baby has unique feeding requirements. You can identify if your baby is hungry through the following signs. Your baby may need breastmilk if he/she:

  • sticks their tongue out
  • moves their face as if looking for breast milk
  • puts their hand in their mouth
  • becomes fussy

Benefits of Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding and breast milk have a wide range of health benefits. It is greatly beneficial for both the mother and her baby. Common breastfeeding benefits include:

  • Ideal nutrition for infants
  • Easily digestible by infants
  • Contains antibodies that help fight viruses
  • Lowers your baby’s risk of allergies and asthma
  • Reduces your baby’s chances of developing ear infections, respiratory problems and diarrhoea
  • Has been linked to higher IQs
  • Offers a chance to bond with your baby through skin-to-skin contact
  • Helps your baby gain the right amount of weight
  • Lowers the risk of obesity, diabetes and certain cancers
  • Prevents sudden infant death syndrome
  • Helps the mother burn extra calories and shed pregnancy weight
  • Reduces uterine bleeding after birth
  • Largely decreases your risk of ovarian and breast cancer 
  • Reduces your risk of osteoporosis

First Breastfeeding after Birth

During first breastfeeding after birth, your body produces thick, yellow-coloured milk called the colostrum. Colostrum has additional health benefits and is considered the ideal first milk. It assists your newborn to develop his/her digestive tract fully and prepare to digest breastmilk.

Your body begins to transition from colostrum to mature milk in about 10-15 days.

Is Breastmilk Enough?

Breastmilk is sufficient for your baby’s nutritional needs as it has all kinds of vitamins and proteins required for the growth of your baby.

As you nurse your baby, your body grows accustomed and begins to produce more milk to help meet your infant’s feeding needs. Your infant may require feeding every 2-3 hours.

You should exclusively breastfeed your baby till 6 months. Post this, you can begin to opt for formula milk, semi-solid foods and others.

Breastfeeding Positions

The ideal breastfeeding position is the one in which you and your baby are completely relaxed and comfortable. Some common breastfeeding positions that you may try include:

  • Cradle position
  • Cross-cradle position
  • Side-lying position
  • Laid-back position

Breastfeeding Tips for New Moms

Here are some breastfeeding tips to help you prepare:

  • Consult your antenatal expert for support and guidance
  • Take breastfeeding education classes
  • Consider lactation counselling
  • Stay aware of your baby’s hunger and feeding patterns
  • Stock up on nursing bras and related supplies

FAQs

How long should I breastfeed my baby?

You should at least breastfeed your baby up to 6 months and until 2 years or longer.

What are some don’ts of breastfeeding?

You should not ignore the pain experienced during breastfeeding. You should not give any jaggery or honey to your newborn.

Which foods increase breast milk?

Fenugreek seeds, oat milk, fennel seeds, lean meat and garlic help in increasing breast milk.

Muskmelon (Kharbuja) Benefits and Side Effects
May 12, 2025|Dr Manisha Arora

Muskmelon (Kharbuja) Benefits and Side Effects

Did you know? Muskmelon is 90% water – making it the perfect summer fruit for hydration. Muskmelon, also commonly referred to as ‘Kharbuja’, the Hindi name of muskmelon, is a type of melon belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family.

In Ayurveda, it is called ‘Madhuphala’, a fruit known to cool the body and aid digestion. The fruit is high in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Additionally, muskmelon seeds are also edible and are rich in protein, fibre, and omega-3.

What is Muskmelon?

Muskmelon, the scientific name ‘Cucumis melo var’ is a sweet and refreshing fruit that is usually grown in a warm climate with plenty of exposure to sun. Muskmelon is a popular summer fruit globally known to be a powerhouse of nutrients. Muskmelon goes by various names across region, culture, and languages including, Kharmuj, Kharabuja, Chibuda, Kakadi, Kharbuja, Kharbuj, Sweet melon, Melon, Turbuch, Teti, Chibdu, Shakarateli, Tarbucha, Khurbuza, Sakkarteli, Kachra, Patkira, Phut, Tuti, Kakni, and more. 

Muskmelon is a summer fruit that grows best in hot, sunny months known to have several benefits like supporting immunity function, aids in digestion, good for hair & skin, supports heart health, reduces inflammation, and more. Muskmelon sowing season in India is around late February to April and the harvest time is between April to June.

Also Read: Custard Apple: Benefits & Nutritional Value

What are the Health Benefits of Muskmelon?

Muskmelon – the refreshing superfruit is known for its cooling effect & reducing body heat. The fruit is packed with essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants making it an excellent choice for staying hydrated, supporting immunity, and promoting overall well-being. Several health benefits of consuming muskmelon include:

  • Promotes Hydration: Muskmelon is 90% water, consuming which can help maintain fluid balance and prevent dehydration especially during summers.
  • Boosts Immunity: The refreshing fruit is high in vitamin C and beta-carotene – vitamin A, both known to strengthen the immune system.
  • Support Digestive Health: Muskmelon is widely consumed as it aids in digestion. The fruit is rich in dietary fibre which helps regulate bowel movements and soothes the digestive tract.
  • Promotes Skin Health:  Muskmelon is a WOW fruit for the skin. The fruit’s high level of antioxidants, vitamin A & C works wonders on promoting skin health by combating oxidative stress, reducing signs of ageing, and promoting skin elasticity and firmness.
  • Aids in Weight Management: Muskmelon works wonders for people intending to lose weight, as the fruit is low in calories and high in water and fibre, consuming which promotes fullness without adding to the calories count
  • Promotes Eye Health: The fruit is packed with vitamin A and beta-carotene which helps maintain healthy vision and prevent eye diseases. 
  • Support Heart Health: Consuming muskmelon has multiple benefits for cardiovascular well-being. Muskmelon consists of adenosine (a compound with blood thinning property) which helps reduce the risk of heart issues and prevents the formation of blood clots and improves blood flow all contributing to promoting heart health. 
  • Reduces Inflammation: Components like cucurbitacin and vitamins A and C packed in muskmelon help fight inflammation in the body. 

 

health Benefits of Kharbuja (Muskmelon)

 

  1. Keeps the body hydrated
  2. Boosts immunity
  3. Improves skin health
  4. Aids digestion
  5. Supports heart health
  6. Helps in weight loss
  7. Enhances eye health
  8. Reduces inflammation

Also Read: Corns & Calluses : Causes, Symptoms & Treatments

What are the Nutritional Values of Muskmelon?

Muskmelon has numerous health benefits, thanks to its nutritional content. The fruit is surprisingly high in nutritional benefits despite being light and low in calories. Some of the nutritional content of muskmelon includes: 

Additionally, muskmelon being sweet it’s low in sugar and fat, making it a perfect nutrient dense fruit. 

Also Read: Why Indian Moms Age Faster — And How to Help Her Stay Healthy

Muskmelon Nutrition Chart

The table below showcases the nutritional composition of 100 gms of muskmelon:

Nutrient Amount
Energy 34 kcal
Water 90%
Protein 0.85 gms
Vitamin C 36.7 mg
Vitamin A 3382 IU
Calcium 9 mg
Iron 0.2 mg
Magnesium 12 mg
Potassium 267 mg
Fibre 0.9 g

Also Read: Ivy Gourd: Benefits & Side Effects

What are the Side Effects or Allergies due to Muskmelon?

Consuming muskmelon in moderation is generally considered safe. However, there are possible side effects caused by overeating, including:

The Right Way to Eat Muskmelon

  • The right time to consume muskmelon is preferably in the morning or midday. Additionally, avoid consuming the fruit late at night or consumption along with dairy products.
  • Wash the fruit’s outer layer well before eating it to prevent contamination from the fruit’s surface.

Read More: Dark Circles: Discover The Secrets to Brighter Eyes

FAQs

Is muskmelon good for pregnancy?

Yes, muskmelon/kharbuja is a very healthy and safe fruit to eat during pregnancy.

Is muskmelon good for weight loss?

Yes, muskmelon helps with weight loss due to its low-calorie and high water content.

Can diabetic patients eat muskmelon?

Yes, diabetic patients can eat muskmelon in moderation.

Is muskmelon good for kidney patients?

Yes, consuming muskmelon is beneficial for patients with kidney issues given its high water content. 

How Can One Detect Breast Cancer At The Early Stages?

How Can One Detect Breast Cancer At The Early Stages?

Before understanding and getting into the detailing of how one can detect early stage breast cancer we need to understand what breast cancer is. Knowing your breast and being able to differentiate between what’s normal and what’s not is very important. The look and feel of your breast are what will allow you to know the difference and the signs and symptoms of breast cancer can actually help in early breast cancer diagnosis. 

Dr. Rohan Khandelwal shares his opinion and suggests how one can detect breast cancer at the early stages. 

Women in the hustle and bustle of everyday life get so involved in their family’s health that they keep on ignoring their own health which can surely lead to severe health problems someday. That is why doctors suggest every woman visit and get herself tested every 6 months to 1 year. The test done for the detection of breast cancer is a mammography test.

Why is early detection of breast cancer important?

We have all heard the quote “Prevention is better than cure” so it is better to detect and treat something at an early stage so that severe damage and harm can be avoided.  If Breast cancer is detected at an early stage there are 97-100% chances of cure or treatment but if it is spread and not treated on time it starts to spread to the lymph nodes of the armpits from where it may start to spread to other parts of the body as well. Once spread to other parts of the body, controlling and treating breast cancer becomes very difficult. 

Simply put, early detection is the key to treating and curing breast cancer. Experts suggest and encourage women to really know their bodies. A woman can only know her body better than anyone else and that is why as mentioned above regular screenings and checkups are essential. 

Common early Breast Cancer Symptoms

Knowing the signs and symptoms of breast cancer can actually help women detect and self-diagnose if they have breast cancer and allow them to seek immediate help from the experts. Therefore, below are some of the important and common symptoms that should be reported to a specialist immediately.

  • Lump in the breast

A lump in the breast is one of the most common signs of breast cancer and this can easily be self-diagnosed. The women should be able to touch, feel and understand the lump if any. A breast lump is a painless, hard and irregular shape lump. 

  • Pain in the breast

There might be changes in the skin cells of the breast which may lead to pain in the breast. Slight tenderness and discomfort might be felt in the breast. The lump is usually found to be painless but the feeling of pain and discomfort should be ignored and one should get tested.

  • Swelling in the breast

Breast cancer may cause the entire breast to enlarge/swell. This swelling may alter the appearance of your breasts. Even though it is possible for both breasts to be of different sizes, in the case of breast cancer, the swelling may be such that the disparity in each breast would be different from usual.

  • Sudden redness on the breast

Breast cancer may cause the skin to change its colour. The breast may start to look bruised or discoloured. The breast skin may appear purple or reddish.

  • Skin tethering or dimpling

Skin tethering or dimpling means when the cancer cells lead to fluid buildup in the breast. This fluid causes swelling as well as the tethering /dimpling of the breast skin. The dimpling skin of the breast can be a sign of inflammatory breast cancer also called an aggressive type of breast cancer.

  • Nipple discharge

A breast cancer patient might observe thin or thick discharge from the nipples which may vary in colour, it may be clear, milky, green, red or even yellow. It is common and mandatory for breastfeeding mothers to see milky discharge but should seek medical assistance if any change in the milk is observed.

Breast cancer is a kind of cancer that develops in the tissues of the breast. It triggers when cells of the breast mutate and start to develop uncontrollably in the ducts and lobules or milk glands of the breast.

It can even travel to the lymph nodes of the armpits from where it can spread to other parts of the body. Although Breast cancer is found mostly in women, it can rarely occur in men, too.

Breast Cancer is the most common cancer among women in India and the world. In India, the incidence rate is rising, especially among urban women. The age of breast cancer is also coming down as it is increasingly affecting younger women. One main reason for the increased incidence rate is late detection.

Any of the above mentioned symptoms can be indicative of breast cancer. But the presence of any of these symptoms doesn’t necessarily mean that one has breast cancer.

It is also essential to note that not all lumps are cancerous. The majority of the breast lumps are benign. But some kind of benign lumps can raise the risk of breast cancer.

In case of any change or lump, that was not there before, it becomes critical that it be checked by the doctor to verify whether it is benign or cancerous and if it can affect any future cancer risk or not.

Also Read: Treatment of fibroadenoma without surgery | Is it possible?

Early detection of breast cancer

The early detection of breast cancer is key to the successful control of the disease. Although there is no sure solution for the prevention of breast cancer, early detection can result in a good outcome.

Early detection is important as treatment options are more, if detected early and not only do chances of survival increase, the chances to preserve the breast are also higher.

Most breast cancers are detected on screening mammograms, which can find cancers at an early stage, mostly even before the appearance of any symptom or any kind of a lump.

How to detect breast cancer at early stages:

Early detection is the major input in the treatment of breast cancers. There are many steps that can be taken to early detection of breast cancer when it is most curable. The most common tests to detect breast cancer are:

  • Self- awareness and examination
  • Clinical breast examination
  • Screening in the form of mammography and ultrasound

Self-examination

It is a very good preventive measure to know about the appearance and the feeling of the breasts so that any visible lump or changes can be noticed.

It is Consult your doctor to learn the best way of performing a breast exam. While there is no proof that it decreases mortality from breast cancer.

But it is recommended that every woman must be aware of the regular feel and look of her breasts.

In case of any significant changes she should report to her doctor immediately like:

  • Any nipple discharges
  • Some form of a new lump
  • Any visible change in the shape or size of the breast or nipple
  • Continuous pain in either breast
  • Some sort of skin color change over the breast

It is recommended that one does the self-examination at least once every month, immediately after the monthly period.

Clinical Breast Examination

A clinical breast examination is performed by a Doctor or another health professional who is trained to recognize any abnormality.

Usually, it is a gynecologist or a family physician who performs the breast exam. This is a physical exam in which your doctor or the healthcare professional using the finger pads palpates the breast, armpits, and collarbone to detect any warning signs.

Screening

For better treatment options, it is very essential to get diagnosed as soon as possible. For this, it becomes very important to report the doctor in case of any changes.

Some screening recommendations for the women at average risk advised by the American Cancer Society are:

  • For the age 40-44: An annual mammogram
  • Age 45-54: Getting yearly mammograms is necessary
  • For 55 and older: either yearly or doing on alternate years is quite enough

Mammography

This is one of the most important screening tests doctors perform for diagnosing breast cancer. This test is an X-ray of the breast area. A mammography test is an advanced test that can detect breast cancer up to 2 years before the tumour could be felt by the patient and doctor.

Informed decision at the right age: Women should consult with their health experts to discuss when the right age and right time is to start the screenings. Breast screenings are very beneficial as they can help detect the problem way before.

Men, like women, can be affected by breast cancer. In addition, different leading organisations have varying recommendations for when and how often people should be checked. It’s critical to discuss with your doctor about your risk and their screening recommendations.

The choice is up to you and the doctor. 

Mammograms

Through the mammogram, the breast lumps can be detected up to 2 years before the presence of any visible symptom. Many women do not undergo any mammogram until the age of 40.

But it can be undertaken at a younger age in the case of high-risk women. A mammogram is like an Xray in which breast tissue is imaged using small radiation.

Several tests help to verify if a lump may be cancerous because non- cancerous lumps have different physical features. This difference is confirmed only by imaging tests like mammograms and ultrasounds. Only a doctor can advise when and how these tests should be done.

Breast Ultrasound

This is most recommended in the case of women have dense breasts. In such cases, mammograms are not very effective. It is also recommended if you are at high risk and MRI can’t be done. Or in case of pregnancy because exposure to radiation during a mammogram is not recommended.

Breast MRI

By the means of this test, different images of the breast are combined into one to generate a single detailed image. Often, it is used after the diagnosis to know about the extension of cancer.

This can be combined with a mammogram in case of;

  • High risk of breast cancer
  • Genetic history
  • Dense breasts
  • Have undergone any radiation treatments of breasts before the age of 30

Diagnosis

The only accurate method through which your Doctor can confirm breast cancer is a surgical breast biopsy. In this test, the oncologist uses a specialized needle under Xray guidance to take a sample of cells from the affected area. These cells are then tested in the laboratory to determine whether they are cancerous or not.

After being diagnosed with breast cancer it becomes very necessary for the doctor to know about the type and stage of cancer. Once the type and stage are determined, the oncologist can decide the best mode of treatment.

If you’re seeking a breast cancer diagnosis, our expert Breast Cancer doctors at The Breast Centre can help detect the disease at an early stage.

FAQs


Q1. Can breast cancer be cured if detected early?

Early detection and treatment can help prevent breast cancer from advancing and may also help in curing and removing breast cancer from its roots.

Q2. Does a blood test show cancer?

Samples collected during a blood test may show cancer cells if any. This may help in the early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

What to Expect in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy
May 11, 2025|Dr Alka Gupta

What to Expect in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy

Things you need to know

  • The 4th, 5th and 6th months of pregnancy make the second trimester
  • You are likely to feel relieved from the bothersome pregnancy symptoms during this time
  • You can expect to feel your baby move inside the belly during the 2nd trimester

What is the second trimester?

The period between 13-28 weeks marks the second trimester of pregnancy. Your baby continues to grow and your bump begins to look larger and more profound.

During the 2nd trimester, your morning sickness will likely subside and you will adapt to newer changes.

Second trimester symptoms

Though most of your troubling symptoms will ease by the second trimester, your body will continue to change to host the baby’s growth. You can expect the following second trimester symptoms or changes in your body:

  • Pain in the lower abdomen
  • Back pain
  • Bleeding gums or dental problems
  • Nasal congestion
  • Braxton-Hicks contractions
  • Breast enlargement
  • Vaginal discharge
  • Lightheadedness
  • Increased appetite
  • Increased frequency to urinate
  • Constipation
  • Heartburn
  • Varicose veins
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Cramps in the legs
  • Changes in your skin
  • Weight gain

Fetal development

Most of your baby’s organs have begun to form by the 2nd trimester. Your fetus will now continue to grow in a baby. Here are some changes that your fetus undergoes during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy:

  • Your baby’s lungs are fully formed
  • You will experience your baby’s movements such as kicking and turning
  • Your baby can swallow and hear your voice
  • Eyelids can open and shut
  • Eyelashes and eyebrows begin to grow
  • Your baby will develop distinct fingerprint and toe prints
  • The placenta is completely formed
  • Your baby will experience hair growth on the head
  • Your baby will develop waking and sleeping cycles
  • Your baby’s organs like kidneys and liver begin to function
  • Your baby will develop a creamy white substance called vernix caseosa to help protect the skin

Dos and don’ts of the second trimester

The second trimester of pregnancy is often the easiest for most women. It is because the troubling symptoms are gone and your baby has not grown large enough to make you uncomfortable. However, you would require similar levels of caution and care during the 2nd trimester.

Here are some points to consider during the second trimester of your pregnancy:

  • Consult your obstetrician and understand your chances of high-risk pregnancy
  • Take plenty of rest
  • Continue your prenatal vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids
  • Consume sufficient nutrients daily
  • Ask your doctor about the exercise regime
  • Practice pelvic floor strengthening exercises
  • Visit your dentist
  • Avoid engaging in strenuous physical activity
  • Avoid drinking and smoking
  • Cut down your caffeine consumption
  • Consider prenatal genetic screening
  • Get immunized

FAQs

When should I consult my doctor for second-trimester symptoms?

Consult your obstetrician if you experience sudden weight gain, vision changes and swelling in the face or hands.

Which foods to avoid in the second trimester of pregnancy?

You should avoid consuming raw meat, unpasteurised dairy products and fish with high levels of mercury.

Which fruits are healthy during the second trimester of pregnancy?

Common healthy fruits include oranges, mangoes, lemons, bananas, berries and apples.

Gallstones Diet Chart
May 10, 2025|Dr. Vikas Jindal

Gallstones Diet Chart

  • Gallstones are solid, hardened materials that form and collect in the gallbladder
  • On early detection, gallstones can be flushed out without any medicines through dietary changes
  • A low-fat, nutritional diet can help in alleviating gallstone symptoms

About gallstones

Gallstones are small, hard crystals that form inside the gallbladder. What causes gallbladder stones is high-levels of cholesterol in bile. Bile is a fluid used in digestion. It is produced by the liver and gets stored in the gallbladder. Bile fluid promotes digestion by breaking down fluids and nutrients.

Gallstone symptoms vary from one person to another. Some people do not experience any symptoms at all while others experience sudden and sharp abdominal pain, intensifying pain in your back and shoulder as well as nausea and vomiting.

A healthy gallbladder diet can help in relieving symptoms of the disease.

Food for gallbladder stone

There is no specific diet that can treat gallstones. However, certain foods can help in relieving symptoms and maintain the health of your gallbladder.

Food for gallbladder stone should include:

Plenty of fruits and vegetables – You should eat at least five portions of colourful fruits and vegetables each day. Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants and soluble fibre and are low in calories.

Starchy carbohydrates – Bread, rice, cereals and potatoes are some food items you can eat to maintain the health of your gallbladder.

Low-fat dairy products – You should aim to consume 2-3 portions of dairy products such as milk and yoghurt.

High-fibre foods –  Foods rich in fibre support your digestive health by enhancing the movement of food as well as preventing the production of secondary bile fluids. Furthermore, fibre helps in reducing cholesterol levels.

Healthy fats – Unsaturated, healthy fats like omega-3 fatty acids help protect the gallbladder against the development of stones. Fish, seeds and walnuts are good sources of healthy fats.

Coffee – Coffee is known to have substances that balance chemicals and promote the health of your gallbladder. However, you should ensure to consume it moderately as excessive caffeine can cause dehydration.

Calcium – Calcium is an essential nutrient to reduce your risk of gallbladder disease. You can include dark leafy green vegetables, low-fat dairy foods and orange juice to your diet to boost your calcium intake.

Gallbladder foods to avoid

There are certain foods that can trigger the development of gallstones. If you are at an increased risk of gallbladder disease, you should avoid the intake of such trigger foods

Gallbladder foods to avoid include:

  • Refined carbohydrates such as added sugar, white flour, refined grains
  • Unhealthful fats like processed meats, fried foods, full-fat dairy
  • Foods and drinks high in sugar
  • Oxalate containing foods such as nuts, black tea, soya
  • Highly salted foods

Other lifestyle tips

Besides a healthful diet, you can improve your overall gallbladder health by living a healthy lifestyle.

  • Maintain a healthy body weight
  • Lose weight if obese or overweight
  • Avoid consuming trigger foods
  • Avoid smoking
  • Drink plenty of fluids, especially water

FAQs

What are the first signs of gallstones?

Sudden and increasing pain in the abdomen as well as back pain and nausea and vomiting are some early signs of gallstones.

Can I eat bananas if I have gallstones?

Yes, you can eat bananas if you have a gallstone as bananas contain vitamin C and B6 which are good for your gallbladder.

How do you flush out gallstones?

A healthful diet can help break up and flush out gallstones without surgical intervention.

Why Indian Moms Age Faster — And How to Help Her Stay Healthy
May 10, 2025|Dr. Anjali Kumar

Why Indian Moms Age Faster — And How to Help Her Stay Healthy

This Mother’s Day, let’s honour the woman who has given us everything, often at the cost of herself. Indian moms, with their quiet sacrifices and endless love, often age faster than they should. It’s time to rewrite that story.

The Moment I Realised My Superhero Was Tired

“I still remember the moment. It was 2 AM, and I woke up to the sound of clattering dishes. There she was, my 52-year-old mother, hunched over the kitchen counter, packing tiffins for me and my sister before her 6 AM shift at the hospital. The yellow kitchen light caught the new streaks of grey in her hair, the deep lines around her eyes that no besan-haldi home remedy could fix anymore.”

“Mom, why aren’t you sleeping?” I asked.

“Just make sure you don’t go hungry tomorrow, my child,” she smiled, rubbing her swollen knees. That’s when it hit me: Her ‘normal’ was silently killing her.”
— Ritesh’s story

Is Your Mom Ageing Faster Than She Admits?

The ‘little signs’ that she keeps ignoring, are just the tip of the iceberg—and the data is terrifying:

  • The Lancet (2019): Indian women develop chronic diseases 10-15 years earlier than Western peers.
  • ASSOCHAM (2015): Only 32% of moms get preventive checkups.
  • AIIMS (2021): 85% dismiss fatigue as ‘just stress’.

Take the 30-Second Test:

  1. When you hug her, is she…
    • Thinner? (Thyroid risk)
    • More fragile? (Bone loss)
  2. Her excuse for fatigue:
    • “Just a little extra work.”
    • “I’m doing it for you.”

Your result: “82% of early ageing is reversible—if you act now.”

Why Is This Happening?

1. The “Last Priority” Habit

Indian mothers have a habit of prioritizing everything but their health. 

  • Skipping meals for kids’ tiffins → Iron deficiency → Accelerated ageing.
  • Always putting others first → Chronic stress → Higher cortisol levels.

While we show them as the epitome of multi-tasking, overtime we forget that she is after all human, and like all of us she needs that extra care too!

2. The “Pain is Normal” Myth

Mothers are so used to taking care of all the nitty gritties of our lives, they have grown a much higher pain threshold than most of us. When we realise how much she endures silently, it is often too late. 

  • That “normal” back pain? It could be Stage 1 osteoporosis.
  • Ignored joint stiffness? Early signs of vitamin D deficiency.

3. The Silent Hormone Shift

  • 1 in 5 Indian mothers suffer from postpartum hypothyroidism.
  • Left unchecked → Weight gain, depression, hair loss.

Being hormonal is very common as mothers age. Most long-suffering lifestyle diseases thrive in comorbidities in the long term, making her health deteriorate faster than it should. 

4 Science-Backed Ways to Slow Down Ageing (Doctor-Approved)

#1: Post menopause, women are at much higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. It shows up silently and does more damage than anticipated. Take this 15 minute test. 

The 15-Minute “Physical Stress vs Age Test”

A quick, non-invasive test to measure how stress is accelerating her biological ageing.

What Does It Check?
Cortisol levels
(a chronic stress hormone linked to wrinkles, weight gain)Heart health markers
(cholesterol, blood pressure, heart rhythm, etc.)

Indian moms often dismiss exhaustion as “normal”—this will prove otherwise. While your mom will dismiss it calling it a waste of time & money, your persistence will prove to be your strongest defence: 15 minutes is all it takes!

Also Read: Post Menopausal Bleeding

#2 The Forgotten Vitamin Trio

Three critical nutrients Indian moms miss, leading to fatigue, memory fog, and premature ageing.

Vitamin D (80% of Indian moms are deficient)

  • Why? Indoor lifestyles, lack of fortified foods, “sunlight is enough” myth.
  • Consequences: Weak bones, chronic pain, higher diabetes risk.

Vitamin B12 (“Memory lapses” blamed on age)

  • Why? Vegetarian diets + poor absorption after 40.
  • Consequences: Nerve damage, depression, constant exhaustion.

Iron (“I have always been tired” = undiagnosed anaemia)

  • Why? Tea/coffee with meals blocks absorption.
  • Consequences: Pale skin, breathlessness, rapid ageing.

Why Does It Matter?

Moms assume these symptoms are “normal ageing”—but 90% improve within weeks of correction.

Fix It With:

  • Vitamin D: 10 mins sun + fortified ghee/mushrooms.
  • B12: Curd rice + Brazil nuts (2/day).
  • Iron: Jaggery + lime juice combo (boosts absorption 3x).

#3. The Undue Burden

“In my 33 years of practice, I have seen one thing work fastest for busy moms, and that is worrying for her children” says Dr Anjali Kumar, Senior Gynaecologist.

“Mom, please schedule a check-up with the doctor.” (She will postpone)
“Mom, I can’t sleep worrying about your health.” (Triggers her protector instinct)

Why Does It Matter?

  • Her love for you works as motivation
  • 73% of moms in Dr. Anjali’s study booked tests after this approach

#4. The Kitchen Fix

Upgrade her morning routine with 3 powerhouse ingredients—faster than making chai. Replace “cold water” with:

  • 2 soaked almonds (skin removed) → Vitamin E repairs sun damage & keeps skin glowing.
  • 1 tsp pumpkin seedsZinc fights frequent colds and weak immunity.
  • 1 tsp chia seeds → Omega-3s* reduce joint stiffness and boost brain health.

Why Does It Matter?

  • Takes 30 seconds to prepare (soak almonds overnight).
  • Can be blended into her chai, smoothie, or lassi—zero extra effort.
  • Costs less than ₹10/day (cheaper than skincare serums).

Make it for her first—she will make it her habit once she feels the energy boost!

The Science Behind It:

  1. Almonds (Vitamin E)
    • Prevents wrinkles by neutralising free radicals from pollution/stress.
    • Soaking removes the skin’s tannins (better digestion).
  2. Pumpkin Seeds (Zinc)
    • Critical for wound healing and fighting infections (moms always ignore small cuts/colds).
    • *1 tsp = 15% of daily needs.*
  3. Chia Seeds (Omega-3s)
    • Reduces “morning stiffness” in joints within 2–3 weeks.
    • Forms collagen—the “glue” that keeps skin firm.

Also Read: Bone health during menopause: Tip to combat osteoporosis after menopause

This Mother’s Day, Give Her More Than Sarees

At the CK Birla Hospital, we have seen 72-year-old grandmothers reverse “age-related” issues once treated. Because every Indian mother deserves to meet her great-grandchildren, without pain, without fatigue, without being last on her own priority list.

Next Step: Click below before she texts “Did you eat?” again.

Book Her Health Check-Up Today

Corns & Calluses : Causes, Symptoms & Treatments

Corns & Calluses : Causes, Symptoms & Treatments

Corn/Callus is a very common skin condition. Corns develop slowly and often go unnoticed as they seem like small hard patches of skin, and are mistaken as dry skin. Corns may or may not be painful and the condition is often associated with individuals using ill-fitting shoes, people who walk or stand for long periods, individuals with foot deformities, and more.

What is Foot Callus/Foot Corns?

Corns refers to thickened skin or buildup of hard thick areas of skin. Corns develop due to repetitive pressure or friction, these can form on any part of the body, however, they usually appear on the feet, hands, and fingers. Corns and calluses are often used interchangeably, although both are caused due to friction they are not the same. Corns appear to be small, hard, have a central core and are usually painful while calluses are larger, thicker patches of skin, and are often painless. 

Individuals wearing tight shoes that don’t allow the toes to move smoothly, having foot deformities like bunions, hammertoe, flat feet, engaged in activities that involve prolonged standing, etc. are more prone to develop corns. Conditions like diabetes and arthritis increase the likelihood of developing corn. 

Types of Foot Corns/ Foot Callus

The hardened layer referred to as corn is the body’s way of protecting the skin underneath from irritation and pressure. Foot corns are divided into three types, including:

  • Hard Corns: This type of corns are the most common, and usually form on the top of the toes and area where there is bone pressure against the skin. 
  • Soft Corns: Soft corns are white or grey coloured and have a softer and rubbery texture. 
  • Seed Corns: These corns are usually smaller and form on the bottom part of the feet.

Also Read: Dark Circles: Discover The Secrets to Brighter Eyes

What are the symptoms of foot callus (foot corns) ?

Corns can have distinct features and are small, round, raised bumps surrounded by irritated skin. Some of the common symptoms include:

  • Yellowing Patch:

    One of the most common signs of corn is associated with the appearance of hardened skin. The lumpy/bumpy skin may start to appear yellowish or pale in colour. 

  • Thick, Hardened Skin:

    The most significant sign of foot corns are thickening, hardening and roughening of the area compared to the surrounding skin. 

  • Flaky & Dry Skin:

    The affected part and the skin around tend to dry out and become hard. Corns specifically found on the tops or sides of the toe turn out dry and flaky and appear whitish. 

  • Pain:

    Corns can be painful or tender when pressed or when pressure is applied. Additionally, the skin around can become tender and cause pain while walking or standing, especially while wearing shoes.

  • Located on Pressure Points:

    Another sign of corns are that they are located on tops/sides of toes or soles of feet, where friction is highest.

Read More: Custard Apple: Benefits & Nutritional Value

What are the causes of foot callus (foot corns) ?

Corns/Callus are made of dead skin and form due to repeated friction, rubbing, pressure or irritation and pressure on the skin. Some of the leading causes of foot corns include:

  • Wearing ill-fitted Shoes:

    Shoes that may be too tight can cause pressure on the toes and not allow them to move leading to corn formation. While wearing loose shoes allows the foot to slide causing friction which can also lead to corn formation. 

  • Wearing High Heels or Thin-soled Shoes:

    Wearing high heels or thin-soled shoes can put extra pressure on certain parts of the foot, particularly the toes and balls of the feet.

  • Walking Barefoot:

    Walking barefoot can put pressure on the foot, especially where there is bone pressure against the skin.

  • Foot Deformity:

    Foot conditions like bunions, hammertoes, or flat feet can change how pressure is distributed, leading to the formation of corns.

  • Repetitive Activities:

    Repetitive activities that put pressure on the feet, like playing sports, manual labour requiring long standing or walking hours may lead to corn formation. 

  • Genetics:

    Genetics also plays a role in predisposing individuals to developing corns. Corns caused due to genetics may form in areas that don’t bear weight, like soles, palms, etc.

Also Read: Soaked Almonds vs Raw Almonds for Weight Loss

What are the treatment options for foot callus (foot corns)?

There are several medical and professional treatment options available for the treatment of foot corn including:

  • Corn Removal:

    Foot corns can be trimmed or shaved by a podiatrist (a foot specialist). Trimming or shaving of the corn can provide immediate relief and is usually painless. 

  • Adhesive/Corn Pads:

    Treatment using corn pads can help avoid any further irritation and reduce pressure.

  • Salicylic Acid Treatments:

    Salicylic acid treatment helps soften and break down thickened or hardened skin over time. Salicylic acid treatment can be coupled with other treatment options for better results.

  • Footwear Modification:

    Switch to shoes that fit properly with adequate room for toes to move freely. The medical professional may advise using a toe separator, or extra padding for a better outcome.

  • Surgery:

    Surgery might be recommended in rare recurring cases, or cases caused by bone misalignment. The surgery might be required to correct the underlying issue leading to corns. 

Read More: Beriberi (Thiamine Deficiency): Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatments (Vitamin D Deficiency)

Home Remedies for Foot Corn/Foot Callus

Home treatment of foot corn/foot callus can be effective in managing and potentially resolving foot corns. Some of the most effective home remedies include:

  • Soaking in Warm Water: Soaking the foot in warm water with salt for 15-20 mins can help soften the skin making it easier to remove the dead tissues. 
  • Filing: The corn can be gently filed with a pumice stone or emery board to help remove dead skin.
  • Moisturization: Using a moisturizer urea or salicylic acid regularly helps keep the skin soft and prevents thickening.
  • Use Castor Oil: Applying castor oil and leaving it for 8 to 10 hours can help soften the corn naturally.
  • Use Padding: Use non-medicated padding to cushion the surrounding area and relieve pressure. 

Also Read: Chest Pain Due to Gas

FAQs

Are foot corns or calluses contagious?

No, foot corns or calluses are not contagious.

How to soften foot corns or calluses?

Foot corns or calluses can be softened by soaking the affected area in warm water for 10-15 minutes, gently filing them, using moisturizer, etc.

Is foot callus related to diabetes?

Yes, foot corn can be a concern for people with diabetes.

Does foot callus hurt?

Usually, foot calluses are not painful, however, foot corns can be painful especially if they become thick or irritated.