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Dermatitis is a term derived from the Greek word derma meaning skin and itis meaning inflammation. It is a skin condition resulting in swelling and irritation of the skin. Individuals suffering from dermatitis may experience symptoms like dry skin, itchiness, redness, rashes, cracking, and more. Dermatitis is a common term to describe several skin conditions caused by factors like:
Dermatitis does not cause any serious harm to the body and is a non-contagious condition. Also, different types of dermatitis have distinct causes. The most common triggers of dermatitis are stress, exposure to irritants, and dry skin. A dermatologist specialises in the treatment of dermatitis. Dermatitis can cause discomfort affecting sleep and daily activities and can cause skin pain, necessitating a consultation with a specialist.
There are several different types of dermatitis, the most common ones are listed below:
Atopic dermatitis commonly goes by the name ‘eczema’ refers to a chronic condition that causes skin discoloration and itchy rashes. Atopic dermatitis commonly develops during infancy, however it can also develop in adulthood. There is no cure for this chronic condition, though it can be managed through creams, medications, and other treatment options.
Contact dermatitis as the name implies is a skin condition caused when you get in contact with something allergic or something that irritates the skin resulting in rashes, itching, blisters, etc. Further, contact dermatitis is divided into two types, i.e. allergic contact and irritant contact dermatitis.
Seborrheic dermatitis is a condition that most commonly affects the scalp, however, it can appear on the face, ears, and chest. It is a condition that causes discoloration, scaly patches, and dandruff. As of now, there is no cure for seborrheic dermatitis, though the symptoms can be managed with several treatment options.
Neurodermatitis is referred to as an annoying skin condition causing itchiness, dryness, and discoloration usually in one or two patches of the skin. Neurodermatitis, also called lichen simplex, is often associated with dry skin, insect bites, nerve injuries, wearing tight clothing, etc.
Stasis dermatitis is a result of poor blood circulation in the body. Stasis dermatitis is common in the lower legs causing inflammation and changes in the skin. Common signs of stasis dermatitis are skin discoloration, thickening of skin texture, etc.
Nummular dermatitis is also referred to as discoid eczema causing raised, round spots on the skin. The condition is caused by several factors including allergies, bacterial infections, exposure to rough fabrics, skin trauma/injury, use of drying soaps, etc.
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Dermatitis can be caused by several factors including genetics, environmental triggers, irritants, allergens, etc. Some of the most common causes of dermatitis include:
Several researches show that if one of your family members has dermatitis you’re more likely to have it. Genetics can impact the skin’s protective barrier and its ability to retain moisture increasing the likelihood of developing this condition.
The body’s immune system sometimes overreacts to small irritants or allergens considering it as a big threat, causing inflammation.
The environment you live in has an impact on your immune system’s protective barrier. Exposure to allergens, irritants, and pollutants like air pollutants, tobacco smoke, etc. and extreme temperature and humidity can exacerbate dermatitis symptoms.
Exposure to harmless substances can also trigger the immune system to react in certain individuals and lead to skin irritation and inflammation. Common allergens include nickel, fragrances, latex, etc.
Stress works as a contributing factor in worsening the symptoms of dermatitis. Stress can make flare-ups in the existing conditions, make itching worse, and more.
Poor blood circulation, particularly in the lower body can lead to fluid buildup under the skin causing swelling, irritation, skin breakdown, inflammation, etc.
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The symptoms depend on the type of dermatitis. Some of the common symptoms of dermatitis include:
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The treatment of dermatitis depends on the type of dermatitis. The treatment starts with identifying and avoiding the allergen or pollutant that triggers the dermatitis. You may treat the condition with home remedies as the first step or switch to medications recommended by the healthcare provider. Some of the treatment options for dermatitis include:
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Wet-wrap Therapy: Home remedy involves wrapping the affected area with a wet towel to increase the moisture in the skin.
Bleach Bath: Bleach bath involves taking a bath while adding a small amount of diluted household bleach as it acts as a mild antiseptic to reduce bacteria on the skin.
Using Moisturizer: Frequently using moisturizer, especially after taking a bath can keep the skin hydrated.
Avoid Hot Water Bath: Bathe with lukewarm water and avoid hot water bath as it may lead to drying of skin.
Manage Stress: Manage stress, as dermatitis can also flare up due to stress. Taking steps to manage stress can reduce the frequency or severity of flares.
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Oral Medications: Medications that help reduce immune response leading to dermatitis.
Topical Corticosteroids: To reduce inflammation and itching.
Antihistamines: Helps relieve itching & can also help with allergic reactions.
Antibiotics: May be recommended to control bacterial infections.
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Can dermatitis cause hair loss?
Yes, certain types of dermatitis, particularly seborrheic dermatitis may cause hair loss.
Does dermatitis spread?
No, dermatitis is not contagious and does not spread from person to person.
Is dermatitis common?
Yes, dermatitis is considered a common skin condition.
Are dermatitis and eczema the same?
No, dermatitis and eczema are not the same, eczema is a type of dermatitis.
Is dermatitis contagious?
No, dermatitis is not contagious.
Can dermatitis lead to skin cancer?
Dermatitis does not directly cause cancer, though prolonged inflammation of the skin can increase the risk of certain types of cancer.
