Bariatric surgery, also commonly referred to as weight loss surgery, is a surgical procedure performed to help individuals with obesity lose weight and improve health-related conditions. It is a powerful tool known to help with reversing obesity related health issues, including heart disease & stroke, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and more.
Bariatric surgery is often recommended when other weight loss methods are not effective or have failed. The procedure involves modifying the digestive system, the stomach, small intestine, etc, to regulate the amount of calories that the body can consume and absorb. Bariatric surgery is often recommended to people with class III obesity or a BMI of 40 or higher, or a BMI of 35 with one health-related problem.
Now, when it comes to weight loss surgery, people consider it as an easy way out, however, the surgery is a complex procedure that requires careful consideration of various factors including, surgical technique, patients overall health, psychological adjustments, and more. The procedure involves progress through a series of steps or stages involving diet, pain management, physical activity, and more. There are several types of bariatric surgery, some of them are mentioned below:
After bariatric surgery the body goes through major changes and requires careful post-operative support to avoid complications, weight regain, nutritional issues, and more. Plus, the recovery after the surgery happens in stages and each stage is important for healing, adapting to lifestyle changes, and ensuring long-term success.
Weight loss through bariatric surgery or weight loss surgery is not just limited to the surgery, many people have this misconception that once the surgery is done, the problem is solved. Though, in reality, surgery is a powerful tool but lasting results depend on ongoing care.
Immediate post operative phase is the initial hospital recovery phase (Day 1 – 5). The diet intake during this phase is limited to clear liquids only to allow the stomach & digestive system (tips for better digestive health) to heal. During this phase gentle exercise & walking is recommended to prevent blood clots and promote recovery.
The phase can last 1-2 months after surgery. The phase involves adjusting to new dietary habits and gradually increasing the physical activity levels. The phase may involve significant changes in the body image.
The third phase involves a gradual transition from clear liquids to liquids like protein shakes, unsweetened juices, pureed food, etc. The stage involves making necessary lifestyle changes for successful healing. Plus, the short-term recovery phase involves regular check-ups with the doctor .
The stage involves the introduction to regular solid foods in small portions. The stage also involves beginning with exercising & building long-term eating habits.
The long-term recovery phase takes anywhere from some months to years. It involves continuing with a balanced and healthy diet and incorporating regular physical activity into daily life. Follow-ups are recommended to monitor weight (foods for healthy weight journey), nutrition, and overall health.
Also Read: How to Manage Loose Skin after Weight Loss Surgery
Post-bariatric surgery diet transitions through stages, starting with clear liquids, puree foods, soft foods, and then returning to the regular healthy diet. Plus, there are certain factors to keep note of, including,
| Key Considerations | Description |
| Protein (top high protein foods) | Prioritise protein intake to promote healing. |
| Small, Frequent Meals | Eat around 3 meals a day & 1-2 snacks. |
| Chew Throughly | Chew & bite properly until it reaches a pureed consistency. |
| Hydration | Drink adequate water & avoid sugary & caffeinated drinks. |
| Food Choices | Focus on nutrient dense food like lean protein, fruits, etc. |
| Avoid | Avoid fried, greasy, high-sugar, processed foods. |
Only Smooth Liquids for 2 Weeks: The diet for the first 2 weeks should only be limited to smooth liquids without any lumps. Start with sips and gradually increase the amount; also, avoid big gulps, as it may lead to nausea, sickness, etc. Take liquids that are high in protein, as they promote recovery. Some of the foods to incorporate into the diet include:
Only Puree Food for 2 Weeks: Only Puree Food for 2 Weeks: During this stage, the diet should be completely pureed with no bits or lumps. The consistency of the puree food should be similar to yoghurt. Some of the food that are suitable includes:
Note: All the below-mentioned foods must be pureed.
Only Soft Foods for 2 Weeks: After the puree phase, the diet can be slowly shifted towards soft foods. These are the foods that can be easily mashed using a fork.
Note: to stop eating after the first sign of discomfort. Some of the soft foods to eat during this phase include:
Regular Food from Week 7 Onwards: After completion of 6 weeks, the stomach must have healed enough to introduce regular-textured foods. Prioritise high-protein meals, focus on small portions, chew well, and avoid fried & sugary foods (10 places where hidden sugar sneaks into your diet). During this stage, avoid starchy foods, red meats, high-fat foods, caffeinated drinks, alcohol, etc.
Also Read: Quinoa – Benefits & Nutrition
Bariatric surgery is quite an effective measure for weight loss, though it may present severe challenges both in the immediate period and long term. Some of the challenges after bariatric surgery include:
Is bariatric surgery safe?
Bariatric surgery is considered safe, though there’s always a risk of infections, bleeding, etc.
How do you qualify for bariatric surgery?
Bariatric surgery is recommended for individuals with a BMI over 40 or higher, and who have not found success with other weight loss methods.
How does bariatric surgery reverse diabetes?
It can significantly improve or resolve type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity, restricting calorie intake, and hormonal changes.
Can you have bariatric surgery after a heart attack?
Yes, one can have bariatric surgery after a heart attack, but it is recommended to wait for 6 to 12 months.
