Filter :
“You are what you eat”
Notice how models and gym-goers emphasise on eating a well-balanced diet. One week of a salad-based diet can prepare them to feature on a magazine cover. What you eat literally acts as fuel for your body. A highly nutritious diet can do wonders for a healthy person. For a chronically ill person, it can alter the course of life. People living with chronic kidney diseases would understand the importance of consuming sufficient nutrients. However, planning a dialysis patient’s diet chart needs clinical help.
In this article, Dr Mohit Khirbat, a leading nephrologist at the CK Birla Hospital will help you design the best diet plan for dialysis patients.
Table of Contents
To understand the importance of diet for patients on dialysis, let us rewind some school-time biology. Dialysis is offered to patients suffering from chronic kidney diseases.
In human anatomy, kidneys are bean-shaped organs responsible for filtering waste generated by our body. However, sometimes the functioning of the kidneys can be disrupted due to various reasons. As the kidneys fail to function properly, the waste can get buildup and cause harm to the body, in general.
In such situations, healthcare providers offer dialysis to keep the body functioning. A dialysis machine helps to maintain the balance by managing the kidney’s functions. Dialysis treatment helps to remove extra waste, salt and water from the body.
However, even during dialysis some waste can fluid can buildup. A prolonged collection of these substances in the body can lead to heart and bone problems.
Dialysis patient diet comes in place when the patient is willing to benefit entirely from the treatment and avoid additional health problems. It is important to properly track and consume only sufficient nutrients. A dialysis patient is required to cautiously avoid specific food items as well to prevent any health complications.
It is important to understand that dialysis cannot replace the functioning of a kidney. Dialysis is a treatment that only offers support to patients with end-stage kidney diseases. Therefore, a conscious choice of food should be made to maintain health.
There is a range of foods good for a kidney dialysis patient. However, in a dialysis patient diet chart, the focus should be kept on four key areas:
Potassium is an essential mineral which is considered highly beneficial for dialysis patients. It is important for the healthy functioning of nerves and muscles including the heart.
An increased amount of potassium in the body can lead to heart problems such as irregular heartbeats and even cardiac arrest. On the other hand, a low potassium intake can cause muscle cramps and difficulty in breathing. The key is moderation.
Dialysis patients are required to monitor their potassium intake and restrict it to a moderate level.
Most fruits and vegetables are generally high in potassium. You can remove some amount of potassium from vegetables by the process of leaching. Leaching means removing potassium amount from raw vegetables by soaking them in the water at least two hours before cooking.
Other food products with a high amount of potassium are nuts, seeds, coconuts, wholegrain cereals, brown sugar and more.
Sodium is a necessary electrolyte for body functions that helps in the regulation of blood pressure. Sodium also helps in regulating acid and base balance in the body fluids.
Despite being necessary, an increased level of sodium can lead to multiple health problems in a kidney dialysis patient. These include hypertension, edema and shortness of breath among others.
Therefore, it is mandatory for dialysis patients to restrict their sodium intake. Sodium is most commonly found in salt. Minimising the levels of salt in your meals can be really helpful. Other items such as processed foods are some foods for a dialysis patient to avoid.
The energy that our body produces is stored with the help of phosphorus. It is an essential mineral required by our body to utilise other vitamins and minerals. Additionally, the strength of our bones and teeth are maintained by phosphorus and calcium.
Products rich in phosphorus are foods for a dialysis patient to avoid. It is because dialysis cannot manage the required level of this mineral in our body. A high level, on the other hand, can cause various complications such as renal bone disease, skin itching and more.
A patient who receives kidney dialysis needs to establish a strong control on his/her fluid intake. It is because fluid removal is an integral function of the kidneys. When the kidneys do not function properly, the excess water can get collected and move to the body cells. An excess buildup of fluids in cells can cause swelling of the feet and hands, commonly known as edema. More so, the extra volume of fluids can enter tissues present in the lungs and disrupt their functioning leading to breathlessness.
In such cases, a patient is only dependent on dialysis for the removal of fluids from the body. The best method to avoid the above-given health complications is to limit the intake of fluids.
Furthermore, even dialysis can remove a certain quantity of fluids, therefore a restriction on the consumption of fluids at the first hand is the best preventive measure.
Tips to limit your fluid intake –
Note: The requirements of each dialysis patient is different. The above-given information can help you custom-make your diet chart. You should ensure to restrict sodium and phosphorus intake while moderately managing the quantity of potassium. Sometimes food items have low sodium but are rich in calories. It is, thus, important to carefully design a plan that does not overwhelm you with one nutrient and drive you of another. You can discuss these tips with your healthcare provider to prepare a personalised dietary plan.
Dialysis diet plan becomes significant from the day you start taking treatment. The treatment of kidney disease is key for managing symptoms and removing waste from your body. It is up to you to make a conscious choice and live a healthy life during dialysis sessions. Dietary intake along with the following medications are vital components for the success of the treatment.
To learn more about kidney disease or plan your dialysis patient’s diet chart, you can book an appointment with Dr Mohit Khirbat, a leading nephrologist at the CK Birla Hospital.
Also, read: Common signs of Kidney Stones & steps to preventing Kidney Stones
Picture this: Your school football team has made it to the finales. You have to play in the big game tomorrow but you accidentally fall and sprain your ankle. Now before you stress out in such a situation, let us tell you some expert-approved ways on how to heal a sprained ankle as soon as possible.
A sprained ankle is a common occurrence among athletes and people who routinely exercise. It is also considerably easy to prevent common foot and ankle injuries.
In this article, Dr Anuj Chawla, best foot and ankle specialist in Gurgaon discusses some top tips for the prevention of ankle injuries and how to manage them.
Table of Contents
A sprained ankle happens when you hurt the ligaments in your ankles. Ligaments are flexible tissues that hold two adjacent bones together. You can sprain your ankle when you are rolling or twist it by mistake.
Common symptoms of a sprained ankle include:
Athletes would understand how recurring sprained ankles are. However, this injury can also be healed comfortably. The following remedies can be applied at home if a person suffers from an ankle sprain.
Tips on how to heal a sprained ankle-
The R.I.C.E approach is very popular and beneficial for a swift recovery. It is a traditional tried and tested healing method. The acronym R.I.C.E. stands for – Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation, respectively.
Rest: If you suffer from any injury at any body part, the primary step is to give proper rest to the affected area. You should not engage in any activity that could worsen the swelling or pain.
Ice: Applying ice to the sprain has also been proved favourable in most cases. You should place an ice pack to the ankle to reduce swelling and pain. If an ice pack is not available, you can simply wrap some ice cubes around in a towel and use it.
Compression: Doctors recommend compressing the sprained ankle by using an elastic or crepe bandage. This helps in reducing the swelling and alleviates pain. It is also helpful in maintaining joint stability. While the bandage should be wrapped around firmly, you should not bind it too tight. If the bandage is excessively tight, it can obstruct blood circulation and cause numbness.
Elevation: The last step of the R.I.C.E. is to elevate the sprained ankle. Elevating the ankle helps to avoid the buildup of fluid in the joints. It is suggested that you should support the ankle by placing a pillow under it while sleeping. You should keep the ankle at an elevated level from the heart to help reduce swelling.
In severe ankle sprains which limit the ability of the person to walk, some form of protection is helpful to prevent worsening of the injury. Protection and immobilization can be in the form of a cast, pneumatic walker boots or ankle brace. In fact, the acronym for healing acute ankle sprain has been changed by many from RICE to PRICE so as to include protection.
Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) like ibuprofen and Voveran (diclofenac) have been proven to be of significant benefit in early healing These medicines work by reducing the pain and swelling and hence hastening the recovery.
Exercises and rehabilitation play a paramount role in preventing stiffness, early recovery and prevention of recurrence in future. Physical therapy after an ankle sprain should be started after a brief period of rest of 5-7 days or after the plaster is removed. The rehabilitation for acute ankle sprain can be divided into 3 phases:
You can also go to a verified healthcare provider and choose for lightweight massage. You may also do a gentle massage at home yourself.
Besides effective management, ankle sprains can also be prevented. Since such injuries are frequent events in sports. Athletes need to learn about the prevention of ankle injuries.
Here are some useful tips to prevent foot and ankle injuries:
If your pain does not alleviate after implementing these tips, you should instantly seek medical support. You should consult your healthcare provider if:
A sprained ankle usually heals on its own without clinical intervention. The above-given tips can help you to encourage the healing process for a quicker recovery.
To learn more about muscle and joint injuries, consult Dr Anuj Chawla, best foot and ankle specialist at the CK Birla Hospital.
The incidence of hernia in India is very high. Men, in comparison to women, are more susceptible to developing hernias. Although this ailment can occur in people across ages, a hernia is most common among the elderly. In this article, Hernia surgeons in the CK Birla Hospital, explores what is a hernia about and when a hernia surgery required.
Table of Contents
A hernia is a condition in which a body organ pushes through weak muscles holding it together. A hernia can occur anywhere between the chest and the groin. It appears in the form of an abnormal bulge.
Apart from dull recurrent pain and discomfort, hernia mostly does not cause severe symptoms. You can expect to notice a lump or swelling that highlights this condition.
The hernia is of different types depending upon its location. Some major forms of hernia include inguinal, femoral, umbilical, hiatus and incisional among others. Inguinal hernias are the most common type.
There is no single cause attributed to the development of a hernia. Weak muscles that may be present since birth is one reason behind this condition. Excessive and repeated strain on abdomen and groin can also cause hernias. Simple health concerns such as physical exertion, coughing, obesity, constipation etc can unknowingly cause much abdominal strain.
Read: All you need to know about inguinal hernia | Symptoms and treatment
Accurate investigation of the ailment is necessary before hernia treatment. The diagnosis of hernia is fairly simple. At most times, the lump (hernia) is visible and even felt. Your healthcare provider will assess the bulge and ask about your symptoms.
Sometimes, your doctor may also indicate screening tests such as ultrasound and CT scans to visualise the state of the hernia.
Hernia treatment is varied for each patient. Several factors help your healthcare provider decide which treatment protocol to follow. Some of these factors include:
At most times, surgery for a hernia is the relevant method for improving your health.
There are majorly two treatment types – watchful waiting and hernia surgery. If your symptoms are mild and do not interrupt your life, your healthcare provider may suggest active surveillance as hernia treatment. You will be frequently examined for changes in symptoms. Your doctor will provide medicinal support to relieve pain and discomfort.
A hernia repair surgery is when your general surgeon cuts open the area of the bulge and push the muscles back into their original place. Hernia surgery is an effective remedy and provides complete relief for an extended period.
Hernia surgery is a safe procedure when performed by a qualified surgeon. It does not have severe side effects and has high success rates.
Call +911244882200 to know the hernia operation cost in Gurgaon.
Hernia repair surgery is done in two ways – traditional surgery and advanced laparoscopic hernia surgery.
Laparoscopic hernia surgery is a minimally invasive procedure and outscores the benefits of open hernia surgery. The patient experiences lesser pain during keyhole surgery. The amount of blood loss and scarring is also minimal.
Also, read: How safe is Laparoscopic surgery?
Surgery for a hernia is a safe and common procedure. It is a low-risk method for a permanent solution for a hernia. However, both open and laparoscopic surgery for hernia has certain side-effects.
Common risks associated with a hernia repair surgery are infection, pain, headache, nausea, bladder injury, nerve damage and blood clots.
Sometimes, a patient may experience recurrence of the hernia. However, disease recurrence is extremely rare post-surgery.
The time taken to recovery from hernia surgery depends on the type of hernia, patient’s overall health and type of surgery. Most patients can return home the same day.
The estimated time for recovery from open hernia surgery is at around 3 weeks. You should, however, avoid strenuous physical activities for up to 6 weeks. The recovery from laparoscopy is much less than open surgery.
You should follow your surgeon’s guidelines for proper postoperative care:
In case of any complications, consult your healthcare provider instantly.
Hernia affects every person uniquely. If you have severe symptoms, surgery may be the ideal fix for your condition. An untreated hernia can cause several complications as it grows.
To learn more about hernia surgery, you can book an appointment with best hernia surgeon at the CK Birla Hospital. You can also call +911244882200 to know the Hernia operation cost in Gurgaon.
Congratulations on your pregnancy! You can now prepare to go through a rollercoaster of emotional and physical changes during the next 9 months. While pregnancy is mostly a joyous life event, it is also a time that calls for caution. You need to stay informed and practice watchfulness at every step. It is, therefore, important to learn about the warning signs of pregnancy.
In this article, Dr Astha Dayal, one of the best obstetricians in Gurgaon explains the most common warning signs during pregnancy.
You can expect to feel the effects of pregnancy as growing a baby inside your belly is no easy task. However, sometimes, a woman may experience bad pregnancy symptoms. These symptoms should not be mistaken for ordinary body changes.
You should proactively monitor your health and stay alert of the following warning signs during pregnancy:
There are diverse reasons that cause bleeding during pregnancy. During the first trimester, vaginal bleeding could be a sign of ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy is when the embryo is implanted outside the uterus. Ectopic pregnancies can lead to complications for the mother and child.
Bleeding during pregnancy, in the second trimester, may indicate a loss of pregnancy or miscarriage.
While bleeding during the final trimester is a sign of placental abruption. At any stage of gestation, bleeding should be considered a warning sign. You should consult your gynaecologist even if you experience spotting and not heavy blood flow.
Severe back pain should not be taken lightly at any stage during pregnancy. The several changes in your body can lead to some level of discomfort. Nonetheless, persistent back pain during pregnancy requires clinical care.
Unlike popular opinion, fainting during pregnancy is not common. You can expect to feel a certain amount of light-headedness. However, fainting or feeling extremely dizzy in pregnancy is not a healthy sign.
It is highly common to feel nauseated and vomit during the first trimester of pregnancy. These symptoms are popularly called ‘morning sickness’.
However, if these symptoms persist for a longer time, it could be a cause of concern. This warning of pregnancy can also lead to a condition called hyperemesis gravidarum. Excessive nausea and vomiting could dehydrate your body and harm fetal health.
Your hormones may be a reason for frequent headaches and abdominal pain during pregnancy. However, if your aches are persistent and unbearable, you may need to see your gynaecologist.
Consistent pain is among the bad pregnancy symptoms. It may indicate high blood pressure and lead to the development of preeclampsia (a fatal pregnancy complication).
A sudden change in vision or blurry vision is one of the top pregnancy symptoms you should never ignore. This warning sign is an indicator of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension.
If you feel a sense of pain or burning during urination, you might have contracted a urinary tract infection (UTI). If not treated, this warning sign can lead to other serious infections or even preterm labour.
One of the most serious pregnancy symptoms you should never ignore is itching all over the body. It could be a sign of cholestasis during pregnancy.
Cholestasis is a liver condition. In this illness, the production of bile juice from your gall bladder is either stopped or disrupted. Cholestasis does not form any kind of rash.
Skin dryness and itching are not unusual for pregnant women. Your skin stretches to accommodate your baby and can become dry over time. Nonetheless, if the itching is extreme and beyond control, you should immediately consult your healthcare provider.
Early contractions in the uterus could be a sign of preterm labour. Preterm labour is the one that starts before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Preterm labour can cause multiple birth complications.
Sometimes, a pregnant woman may confuse these contractions as false labour. You should ask your OB-GYN to explain the difference between true and false labour.
Through the 9 months of gestation, you will become accustomed to the different types of movements made by your baby. You can begin to feel these movements between 18 and 25 weeks of pregnancy.
Your baby will turn, kick and flutter. If you feel a decline in this activity, you should meet your healthcare provider. It is essential to keep a track of these movements over time.
You can lie down and notice how long it takes for your baby to kick, roll or flutter 10 times. You can eat a light snack and lie down again if you do not notice any movement for over an hour.
If you feel a rush of fluid flowing down your vagina before 37 weeks, you should consider it a warning sign during pregnancy. This phenomenon indicates an early rupture of membranes.
Undoubtedly, you will gain weight during pregnancy, However, the weight gain is associated with swelling in legs and hands could be a sign of preeclampsia.
Some of the above-given symptoms are misinterpreted for normal events during pregnancy. This is why it is significant to educate yourself and your partner about the bad pregnancy symptoms.
You should not panic if you experience any of these atypical symptoms. Simply contact your OB-GYN and seek clinical intervention. Your healthcare provider will assess your situation and offer the relevant treatment.
An expecting mother should actively monitor her health. You can maintain a notebook to highlight any warning signs of pregnancy. You should also have a detailed discussion with your gynaecologist on what are the warning signs of pregnancy.
If you wish to learn more about maternal health during pregnancy, you can book an appointment with Dr Astha Dayal, obstetrician and gynaecologist at the CK Birla Hospital.
Also, read: Tips to ensure a healthy pregnancy
Coronavirus has been the highlight of the year 2020. It has effectively sent the world in a frenzy and shifted the outlook of the healthcare sector. Every single person has been impacted by COVID-19 in one way or another. People have become apprehensive of even common viral infections and rightly so. While the battle against COVID is ongoing, we cannot afford to fall sick. The advent of winters during a pandemic calls for the need of flu shot vaccine.
In this article, Dr. Tushar Tayal, head of internal medicine at the CK Birla Hospital, offers his insights on the relevance of influenza vaccines during the chaotic times of coronavirus.
Table of Contents
Before we discuss the importance of flu vaccination, let us first grasp an overview of what flu is all about.
Common flu (influenza) is a viral infection that occurs during the months of winters. This infection mostly affects the respiratory system which includes your nose, throat and lungs.
The symptoms of common flu include-
Every patient experiences these symptoms differently. It is not necessary that every flu patient develops a fever. Most of the time, influenza symptoms alleviate on their own. However, if the symptoms persist, common flu can turn into potentially serious illnesses resulting in hospitalisation.
Flu infection is of two types – Type A and Type B. Most infections are associated with Type A influenza.
A flu shot vaccine, as the name denotes, is a vaccination that provides protection against the influenza virus.
You can avail exclusive flu shot package @ INR 2100 only at the CK Birla Hospital.*
The seasonal flu vaccine is recommended to people of all age groups (above the age of 6 months). This vaccination is to be given once every year.
The importance of influenza vaccines has increased because of coronavirus which also has flu-like symptoms. The overlap in the signs of common flu and COVID makes it difficult for healthcare providers to distinguish between the two.
After at least two weeks of getting a flu vaccine, your body begins to develop antibodies to fight the infection. Healthcare providers recommend taking influenza vaccines almost two weeks ahead of the seasonal flu.
In India, the ideal time to take a flu shot is during September. New vaccines against the current strains of flu also become available in the market at this time.
However, it is never too late to protect yourself from viral infection. If you have missed taking the seasonal flu vaccine in September, you can avail it now at the CK Birla Hospital.
There are majorly three variations of influenza vaccines available in the market – trivalent flu vaccination, quadrivalent flu shot vaccine and nasal flu vaccine.
All these vaccines are equally effective. However, these vaccines protect against a different number of strains of influenza.
Your physician will decide which vaccine is most suitable for you after assessing your overall health and age.
A seasonal flu shot decreases your chances of developing severe illnesses. It is especially important in the case of elder people.
People over the age of 50 are predisposed to multiple ailments such as diabetes, asthma, heart diseases, high blood pressure among others. Due to preexisting health concerns, they are more vulnerable to developing severe effects of influenza. Influenza vaccines provide significant levels of immunity and protection to the elderly.
The seasonal flu shot is essential for people living with chronic health conditions, pregnant women and young children.
All three categories of influenza vaccines are very potent. However, no vaccination offers 100% protection against the infection.
No, the seasonal flu vaccine does not pose any serious side effects or risks.
Some people may develop a mild or low-grade fever after receiving the flu shot. The fever can lasts up to 2 days. While some others may experience light pain or swelling at the site of infection.
No, flu vaccination does not protect against coronavirus. While the vaccine for mysterious coronavirus is still being researched, you can protect yourself from common flu.
It should be noted that influenza and COVID-19 are two different types of viruses which can affect a person at any time. It is possible that a person may catch both the viruses at the same time. In such a rare case, the severity of the symptoms may be extreme.
It is, therefore, advisable that you should get the seasonal flu shot during this ongoing pandemic.
Basic preventive measures and hygiene maintenance are important from protection of seasonal flu. Here are some expert-approved tips to safeguard you and your family from infections-
Watch the video to know the answer to some frequently asked questions about Flu Vaccination by Dr Tushar Tayal, head of Internal Medicine department at the CK Birla Hospital.
The flu shot vaccine is an important preventive tool against influenza. Besides protecting against common flu, vaccinations improve your immunity and drop your risks you are developing other illnesses.
You can avail our exclusive seasonal flu shot package @ INR 2100/-. Book an appointment with Dr Tushar Tayal at the CK Birla Hospital for more information.
Also, read: Fever | Common causes and when should you worry?
The female reproductive system is a very complex one. The conditions that can affect the fertile health of a woman are diverse. It is essential for women of childbearing age to have a basic understanding of these ailments. One of the most frequent female health concerns is the development of uterine fibroids. In this article, Dr Aruna Kalra, one of the best gynaecologist in Gurgaon, will discuss what uterine fibroids are. More so, she offers her insights on which treatment modality is better: myomectomy vs hysterectomy.
Let us begin by understanding what fibroids are all about.
Table of Contents
Uterine fibroids are growths of muscular tissues that develop in or around a woman’s uterus (womb). These growths are of different sizes; some are as small in size as chickpeas while others may grow to even cause the uterus to enlarge.
Uterine fibroids may appear a cluster of growths or as a single tumour. The size and location of uterine fibroids determine the type of symptoms a woman may experience. Some of the most common symptoms of fibroids include:
As a fibroids treatment measure, gynaecologists can offer to remove these lumps. Uterine fibroids treatment is possible by surgical and non-surgical interventions with the advent of modern scientific tools.
The appropriate fibroids treatment will depend upon several factors. Your healthcare provider will analyse your overall health, your symptoms, the size and location of the fibroids and your expectation from uterine fibroids treatment.
Usually, if the fibroid is small in size, doctors aim to treat with the use of medicines. However, surgical intervention becomes necessary in case the fibroids are large. Hysterectomy and myomectomy for large fibroids are two effective treatment options.
Uterine fibroids can be detected during your routine gynaecological screening. If you do not go for regular screening, your doctor will indicate a variety of tests if you suspect this condition.
Some of the most common diagnostic tests include:
An abdominal ultrasound scan will help your doctor in visualising the presence of abnormal growths. In case, your fibroids are not located easily through an abdominal scan, your doctor may perform a transvaginal ultrasound. In a transvaginal scan, your doctor will insert a small ultrasound probe through your vagina to see clear images of the fibroids.
A hysteroscopy is an advanced screening test in which your doctor would use a medical device called the hysteroscope. A hysteroscope is a small lighted telescope that helps in examining the inner walls of the uterus. In this procedure, your doctor would insert the hysteroscope into your womb via your vagina and cervix.
Besides these imaging tests, your healthcare provider will assess your overall health by doing regular pelvic exams, blood work, and urine tests.
Uterine fibroids can lead to severe health complications if left treated. They are often a contributing factor for infertility. There are two supreme remedy modalities – myomectomy vs hysterectomy fibroids treatment. Let us explore both of them in detail.
It is considered the frontline treatment for large fibroids. In a traditional myomectomy, the surgeon makes a large incision in the abdomen. Through this surgical incision, he/she locates the uterine fibroids and remove them. The surgeon later stitches or sews back the incision and proceeds for recovery.
There is also a more advanced method for this surgery. It is known as laparoscopic myomectomy for fibroid removal. A laparoscopic procedure is more beneficial for the patient. In this procedure, the surgeon makes several small incisions in the abdomen. He/she continues to insert a thin tube that has a tiny camera attached at one end. This tube is known as a laparoscope.
This medical device helps the surgeon to locate and visualise uterine fibroids in a better way. Through the other incisions, the surgeon removes the abnormal growths. A laparoscopic myomectomy for fibroid removal is more pain-free method. It causes less scarring and promotes quicker recovery for the patient.
A hysterectomy for fibroids is often the last resort of treatment for this condition. A hysterectomy is an invasive medical procedure in which the surgeon entirely removes the uterus from the patient’s body. This procedure is indicated to patients who have developed large fibroids inside the womb.
A hysterectomy for fibroids proves to be a permanent solution for this ailment. However, it is an irreversible process. If the uterus is removed from the reproductive system, the women cannot bear children anytime in future.
While choosing hysterectomy, the patient should carefully consider if she is willing to become pregnant in the later future. If yes, then she should not go ahead with this procedure and rather discuss other possibilities with her gynaecologist.
Myomectomy vs hysterectomy fibroid treatment is very case-specific. Both the treatment methods are highly effective and do not pose life-threatening risks. However, your overall health and expectation from the clinical outcome determine which is better for you.
To know more about uterine fibroids treatment, you can book an appointment with Dr Aruna Kalra, the Best gynaecologist at the CK Birla Hospital.
Prostate cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. The prevalence of prostate cancer is significantly high and ever-increasing. According to a report by ICMR, the incidences of prostate cancer are likely to double in the year 2020.
Fortunately, it is also a condition that can be easily managed. Oncologists are able to effectively treat prostate cancer if the diagnosis has arrived at an early stage. Proper medical management is offered by healthcare providers even when the cancer is detected at late stages.
In this article, Dr Shalabh Agrawal, best urologist and andrologist in Gurgaon, talks about everything you may need to know regarding different treatments for prostate cancer.
Table of Contents
The prostate is a walnut-shaped gland located under the bladder in the lower abdomen area in men. This gland is responsible for the production and transfer of seminal fluid.
Prostate cancer occurs when the cells present in this gland begin to multiply at an abnormal rate. In most cases, this cancer remains restricted to the prostate gland. However, it can also spread to other areas in the body.
Prostate cancer is among the top ten cancers affecting Indian men over the age of 60 years.
Prostate cancer is difficult to diagnose in the early stages as it does not highlight any symptoms. The signs of this condition develop when cancer has progressed. Nonetheless, you should stay wary of common prostate cancer symptoms.
Some of the prostate cancer symptoms include:
Advanced prostate cancer can lead to urinary issues. It is because the tumour may press on the bladder which is located nearby.
You may experience repeated urgency to urinate, painful urination, blood in the urine and more.
Among the top prostate cancer symptoms is the issue of sexual problems faced by men.
Men living with this cancer may have difficulty in maintaining or getting an erection. You may also experience the presence of blood in the semen and painful ejaculation.
If you are suffering from prostate cancer, you may have pain in your lower back, abdomen, and pelvic area. You should consult your healthcare provider if you feel persistent discomfort in these body parts.
It is possible that some of the above-given symptoms are signs of other urological or sexual conditions. Therefore, screening tests are indicated to draw an accurate diagnosis.
Read: What are the early signs of prostate cancer?
There is not a defined set of prostate cancer causes. It is believed that prostate cancer is caused when the cells in prostate gland undergo changes in their DNA. The unusual DNA changes lead to the growth and spread of cancerous cells.
Though it is difficult to tell why prostate cancer occurs, doctors can help to identify who may be affected by this cancer.
A certain group of people is at an increased risk of developing this cancer. The risk factors of prostate cancer are:
Prostate cancer stages help in detecting how much cancer has progressed. Your healthcare provider will analyse your cancer stage to offer the best treatment for prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer is categorised into four different stages:
Stage 0 – In this stage, cancer cells are not very distinct and aggressive. They are present in a tiny area and do not show bothering symptoms.
Stage 1 – In stage 1 of prostate cancer, the cancerous cells are present inside the gland. Highly effective treatment can be offered at this phase.
Stage 2-3 – If cancer has advanced to stage 2 or 3, it implies that the cells have spread outside the prostate gland as well. The nearby tissues of the prostate gland are affected at this stage.
Stage 4 – This is the most advanced of all prostate cancer stages. By this time, cancer spreads to other body parts such as the lungs and bones.
Prostate cancer treatment can be successfully given if the right diagnosis happens early. Men who are at a higher risk of developing this cancer should start their screening process soon. Doctors perform a variety of tests to diagnose prostate cancer:
Digital rectal exam (DRE): A DRE is a simple exam in which a doctor examines the prostate through the rectum.
Laboratory tests and imaging: You may be indicated to take a couple of blood tests and urine tests. You may also have to undergo imaging tests such as MRI, CT Scan and X-rays depending upon your condition.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test: PSA is a very specific test that helps in the detection of prostate cancer. Your healthcare provider will assess a blood sample to test the levels of PSA (a protein produced by the prostate gland). High levels of PSA indicate more likelihood of prostate cancer.
The best treatment for prostate is unique for every patient. The team of medical doctors will decide the right treatment for you based on your age, overall health and stage of cancer.
The different treatments for prostate cancer are:
In an open prostatectomy, surgeons make a large incision in the lower abdomen area. Through this incision, they access the prostate gland. Along with the tumour, a small number of nearby tissues are also removed.
Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive method. In this procedure, surgeons make small incisions in the lower abdomen. A thin tube (attached with a camera) called the laparoscope is inserted through one incision. Surgeons use this medical device to locate cancer in the prostate gland.
Every man should take into regard the following while choosing a treatment for prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer can significantly impact your physical, emotional and sexual health. You should monitor your health frequently and adopt a healthy lifestyle. This illness can be prevented with a well-balanced nutritious diet, regular exercise and early screening. It is important to learn about prostate cancer symptoms and treatment to make the most suitable choices.
The CK Birla Hospital offers the best treatment for prostate cancer in Gurgaon. You can book an appointment with Dr Shalabh Agrawal, the best urologist and andrologist at the CK Birla Hospital, Gurgaon for more information or personalised guidance.
Also, read Everything you need to know about prostate enlargement: Benign prostatic hyperplasia</span.
Remember when we were kids, our parents would tell us to only concentrate on our studies. Extracurricular activities like playing sports or learning music were given less importance. Thankfully, this thinking has changed now and sports has gained prominence. People understand the contribution of athletics and games for a healthy life. However, it may also lead to injuries. In this article, Dr Praveen Tittal, Sports Injury Specialist at the CK Birla Hospital explores what is sports injury.
Table of Contents
Those who participate in regular physical activities have reduced risks of complications. Nonetheless, getting injured while playing sports is also natural as no one is immune to injuries. With an increased participation in sports events at school levels, sports injuries are also quite common in children. Dancers and gym-goers are also at a high risk of sports injuries.
There are different reasons and factors that lead to a sport-associated injury. Listed below are some of what are the main causes of sports injuries:
Every individual is different and so is their physical structure. There may be one or two weak points in everyone that are more prone to injuries. Being unaware of these physical limitations can cause injuries that might restrict sports activities and cause pain and discomfort.
Sports injuries can be broadly classified into minor and major injuries. The differentiation is done based on the severity and complexity of the injury. The most common first-aid technique on how to recover from sports injuries is using the R.I.C.E. approach, i.e. Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation.
It is one of the most common sports injuries. A sprained ankle occurs when the ankle twists or rolls awkwardly. This awkward movement of the ankle can tear or stretch the ligaments holding the joints together. This can cause pain and discomfort.
Most sprained ankles cause tears on the ligaments on the outside of the ankle.
Treatment
The best treatment for a sprained ankle is keeping the ankle compressed in the first 24 hours. The elevation should keep the ankle above the heart level to help in reducing swelling.
Ice packs should be applied to the affected area intermittently. Slowly after 24 hours, mild pressure can be applied on the ankle. Rest and correct care are the only ways to heal up from a sprained ankle and resume normal activities.
Also, read: Common foot and ankle injuries amongst athletes
A groin pull injury is the result of too much pressure on the muscles of the groin and thigh area. This type of sports injury is typical in activities which require a lot of jumping and running such as football and hockey.
A groin pull causes pain and tenderness to the inside of the thigh. It also causes pain during the movement of the knee. The severity of this type of injury depends on the level of strain put on the groin muscles.
Treatment
The best cure for a groin pull is to rest and to apply ice packs. The groin muscles heal once all the pain and swelling reduces. To rule out other complications associated with this sports injury, doctors take X-rays along with a physical examination of the injured area.
Depending on the results of the X-ray, doctors may prescribe painkillers.
Hamstrings are a group of three muscles that run along your thigh. A hamstring strain happens when one or more of these muscles is overloaded with pressure.
Excessive pull on these muscles can lead to a tear. Even the slightest pain caused in the hamstring requires clinical intervention. The more severe the hamstring pull, the harder it becomes to walk or even stand.
Treatment
Similar to groin pulls and ankle sprain, hamstring strains heal on their own, given enough time. Patients should avoid putting weight on the injured leg. Applying ice packs reduces swelling and decreases pain.
The affected area should be compressed with a bandage to allow for a faster healing. However, a severe sports injury to the hamstring requires surgery to fix the muscles internally.
Strengthening exercises and stretching are some tips on how sports injuries can be prevented.
ACL stands for the anterior cruciate ligament. The ACL injury acts as a connecting muscle between the thighs and the shin. It is one of the vital ligaments that secure the knee joints. An ACL injury occurs when a sudden jarring movement to the knee pops it out of the joint.
The injury causes swelling at the knee and makes it difficult to stand or walk.
Treatment
Imaging tests like X-rays and MRIs offer a proper look into the severity of the injury. Unfortunately, most ACL injuries require surgery to regain full function of the knees – especially so for young athletes.
Even after surgery, the patients need physiotherapy as specific exercises help in restoring knee functions and adding strength to the leg muscles.
Also Watch: Hip Replacement Explained by Dr. Ashwani Maichand
Broken bones or fractures are quite common in those pursuing sports. However, the severity of the injury depends on the way the bones are broken. Due to the repetitive nature of movements during certain sports, stress fractures that cause a slight break in the bone are quite common in players.
Severe fractures also occur due to a sudden and forceful push against bones while participating in sports.
Treatment
A stress fracture usually requires six to eight weeks to heal completely. The affected area is compressed and iced to reduce swelling. A severe fracture involving broken bones, either wholly or partially, requires surgery to align the bones back together.
As bones take between six to twelve weeks to heal completely, the physician will check the patient periodically to assess healing after surgery. Depending on how fast the bones heal, physiotherapy exercises are done to strengthen the bones.
These injuries are a result of constant, repetitive, and prolonged use of muscles as in sports like running, cycling, and swimming. Stress fractures, runner’s knee, and tennis elbow are also common sports injuries.
The major cause of these chronic injuries is the lack of proper training given to athletes.
Treatment
As chronic injuries are subtle and develop over time, patients must report even the slightest discomfort and pain to the Sports Injuries doctor for evaluation.
Along with resting the affected area, most chronic injuries can be alleviated with the use of medication accompanied by physiotherapy.
Sports injuries are unpredictable and hence, unavoidable. However, you can reduce the occurrence of injury with a few preventive measures.
Here’s how sports injuries can be prevented:
The foremost thing to do to reduce the occurrence of sports injuries is to invest in good quality sporting gear. You should also develop a correct fitness regime that focuses on core exercises and stretching all the relevant muscles.
Sportspersons, gym-goers, and dancers can benefit immensely with guidance from trainers who excel at providing such support. Sports therapy is a compulsory part of an athlete’s fitness protocol that seeks to reduce the impact of sports injuries.
Therapy also involves rehabilitation of the players to resume their normal activities as soon as possible.
It is nearly impossible to survive in this competitive arena without going through a sports injury. The best way to combat common sports injuries is by acknowledging the directives given by the trainers and orthopedic doctors. The above article offers insights on what are the main causes of sports injuries and how to recover them.
For more information or personalised guidance on how to deal with sports injuries, you can visit the CK Birla Hospital.
Parents are the biggest cheerleaders for children through the circle of life. Every achievement by a child is a matter of pride, whether it is a small step of potty training or graduating from a top college. The development milestones for baby are curiously tracked soon after their birth.
The first year of a child’s life is extraordinarily important. They go through a massive transformation in terms of growth during this time. Although, no two children are the same, there is a common set of baby development milestones.
Child healthcare experts all over the world have approved of some common guidelines to track a baby’s growth. In this article, Dr Shreya Dubey, one of the best paediatric and neonatologists at the CK Birla Hospital, explores the baby first year milestones.
Table of Contents
Growth and development milestones are basic physical and physiological checkpoints that a child acquires as they grow. These milestones can be regarded as basic life skills that help baby progress.
Child development milestones are categorised into four key areas:
A baby’s first year is a time for utmost joy and growth. It is a necessary life event for the child and an interesting time for the parents.
Welcome to the journey called parenting! At 0-3 months, the newborn has just started his/her life. Your baby will go through tremendous changes in the first few months. This is also the time when your baby will require most of your attention and love. Major growth and development milestones in the first 3 months are listed below.
Motor development milestones – Your newborn will be able to move her hands. She would open and close a fist and place her hands in the mouth by 3 months. If your baby is placed on her stomach, she will be able to pull her head up. During the first 3 months, your infant will gain slight control over her body. She would be able to life her head very briefly. If your baby is happy and playful, she will also throw her hands and legs in joy.
Sensory development milestones – Your baby will be able to latch her attention to specific things like some toys. If you move her favourite toy from side to side, she would be able to track its directions. She would also possibly respond to lullabies, gentle playful and calming music.
Language development milestones – The communication aspect starts early for infants. Your little one would start to respond by smiling. She would revert to specific sounds and also make eye contact with parents. You would also be able to notice a difference in her cries depending upon her need.
Feeding milestones – Your baby would be enthusiastic about feeding by 3 months old. You can expect her to gorge at the nipple or bottle. You can expect her to be fed atleast 6 times during a day.
Motor development milestones – By 6 months, your baby’s motor skills will develop largely. She would be able to accept most of her body weight. She would start sitting or standing with the help of additional support. You can see that she will also playfully begin to roll on tummy and roll back. She would start to bend her legs and reach for her toes during this period.
Sensory development milestones – Your baby will become more familiar with her surroundings. She will understand specific sounds and you would be able to calm her through rocking or moving gently. You can see her explore her toys and other objects with her hands at 6 months.
Language development milestones – Your baby will start communicating with you through the baby noises. She would babble and giggle while expressing. She would also pay additional attention to toys that make sounds.
Feeding milestones – Your baby will be able to notice food by now. She would start eating baby foods like cereals, purees and fruits.
Motor development milestones – Your baby will be able to sit by this time. She would not require any extra support to sit. She would move forward to reach out for toys. She would be quick to respond to certain noises. You can expect your baby to pick up things.
Sensory development milestones – This is an experimental time for the baby. Your little one would be very keen to explore different objects. She would curiously examine her toys with both hands. You can analyse which playful movement does she enjoy. The sensory sight of your baby will also expand and she would also be able to place her attention at faraway objects.
Language development milestones – Your baby’s babbling will be more expressive. You can recognise the repetition of certain syllables in her babbles. Her recognition of particular people and objects will enhance. She will grow familiar with who her parents her, which toys are her favorite and more. She may also nod or react to a familiar name or act using simple gestures.
Feeding milestones – By 9 months, your baby will start holding her own milk bottle. She will start to enjoy chewing on teethers. She will also begin to react to certain smells and foods.
Congratulations! Your newborn has transformed into an infant by the first year. She has accomplished most of her child development milestones. There is, still, much to watch out for.
Motor development milestones – Your baby will begin to move around furniture with the support of hands. Her balance would considerably improve. You can teach your baby to clap her hands at this time. She would start to throw objects in places with a large opening like containers. Her movement would be more flexible and independent.
Sensory development milestones – Your baby will become more curious about her toys. She will also, probably, have her favorite songs and sounds. She will react more extensively to objects that she likes or dislikes.
Language development milestones – By 12 months, your baby will not only identify but begin to call you ‘mama’ or ‘dada’. She would also understand meaningful instructions. She can babble at a longer extent and possibly use a couple of understandable words. Her communication will be more clear.
Feeding milestones – Your baby will begin to discover a variety of food. She would be able to digest more softly cooked foods by now. She can drink through an open-mouthed cup. She may start self-feeding using her fingers.
Every child is unique in his/her own way. Child development milestones should be looked at as guidelines for parents to track the baby’s growth. These developments are not necessarily followed in each child’s case. If you have had a pre-term baby, you should consider these guidelines differently.
If your child is not able to reach these baby development milestones, you should avoid panic and speak to an expert. A verified paediatrician would be able to help you in case your baby is growing differently.
Recording these growth development milestones in the first year is a fascinating approach. You can support your child in a better manner if you are aware of this aspect.
If you need clinical assistance to track baby milestones the first year, you can visit CK Birla Hospital in Gurgaon.
