As India approaches 100 years of independence in 2047, ten doctors from different specialities name the health crises the country must solve now. Their answers cover mental health, diabetes and cardio-metabolic disease, heart disease, cancer, respiratory illness, childhood health, healthy ageing and antimicrobial resistance. Polluted air, smoking and climate change could make respiratory disease one of the defining challenges, which makes cleaner air, tobacco control and better access to pulmonary care important. A rapidly growing elderly population will need strong geriatric care so that people stay independent and live with dignity. A common thread runs through all the answers. Many diseases begin silently, go undiagnosed for years and reach hospitals only after complications set in. The doctors call for prevention, early detection, stronger primary healthcare and healthier environments to become part of everyday life. The India of 2047 is being shaped by the choices made today.
