A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury caused by a strong blow or jolt to the head or body. The brain moves or knocks against the skull, which can damage brain cells and cause chemical changes that briefly disrupt normal function. This can affect memory, concentration, balance, coordination and mood. After a concussion, a person may forget the injury and the events around it, a condition called amnesia. In mild concussions, memory loss is usually temporary and the person gradually recovers, but a severe injury can affect memory for longer. Not every concussion is serious, but bleeding or swelling in the brain can sometimes occur, so tests such as a CT scan, MRI or EEG may be needed on a doctor’s advice. Seek urgent medical help for a very severe headache, repeated vomiting, unequal pupil size, difficulty speaking, sudden behaviour changes, weakness in any part of the body, loss of balance, confusion, extreme drowsiness, seizures or fainting.
