Hip replacement surgery is a medical procedure that has transformed the lives of millions of people suffering from debilitating hip pain and mobility issues.

In this comprehensive blog, we will delve into the intricacies of hip replacement surgery, from understanding the reasons behind it to the latest advancements in techniques and recovery.

Whether you’re considering the procedure or simply curious about it, this guide will provide valuable insights into this life-changing surgery.

What is Hip Replacement Surgery?

The hip joint consists of a bone-and-cartilage socket and a thigh bone head. Hip replacement surgery replaces the damaged joint with durable synthetic parts. Injuries or diseases in the socket or thighbone can cause pain and mobility issues. If pain persists despite other treatments, your doctor may suggest hip replacement surgery.

How Has Hip Replacement Surgery Advanced and Evolved? 

Hip replacement surgery has enhanced patients’ quality of life and led to better outcomes by evolving and advancing. Some key developments are:

• Materials and implants: Better materials, like ceramics and cross-linked polyethene, have increased implant durability.
• Minimally invasive techniques: Smaller incisions and less muscle disruption reduce recovery time.
• Computer-assisted surgery: Navigation systems and robotics improve precision.
• Customised implants: 3D printing creates personalised implants.
• Enhanced imaging: Advanced scans aid preoperative planning.
• Improved anaesthesia and pain management: Safer techniques and better pain control enhance recovery.
• Rapid recovery protocols: Emphasise early mobility and therapy.
• Outpatient surgery: Some patients can go home on the same day.
• Biologic alternatives: Research into regenerative therapies is ongoing.
• Long-term follow-up: Continuous monitoring refines implant design and materials for better outcomes.

You Can Also Read: Hip dysplasia: What is it and how is it treated?

When is Hip Replacement Surgery Needed?

If hip symptoms disrupt daily life, you may need a hip replacement. Typically, conservative treatments like medication, therapy, or mobility aids are attempted before surgery. Common causes for hip replacement include:

• Arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis).
• Osteonecrosis.
• Traumas (car accidents, falls).
• Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI).
• Hip dysplasia.
• Benign tumours.
• Cancer.
• Perthes disease.

What Are the Types of Hip Replacement Surgeries?

Your surgeon offers two hip replacement options:

• Total hip replacement involves replacing your entire hip with a prosthetic joint, including the femoral head and acetabulum.
• Partial hip replacement is rarer and used for specific cases like hip fractures or tumour removal, replacing only part of the hip.

What is the Difference Between a Total Hip Replacement Surgery and a Partial Hip Replacement Surgery?

Total hip replacement surgery and partial hip replacement surgery, also known as hip hemiarthroplasty, are two different procedures used to address hip joint problems, and they involve different approaches and goals.

Total Hip Replacement (THA)

• THA replaces both the femoral head and acetabulum with artificial components.
• It is suitable for severe hip joint issues such as arthritis, fractures, or extensive damage.
• The procedure involves implanting a femoral stem with a ball component and a socket component.
• THA aims to create a completely artificial joint, restoring full function and stability to the hip joint.

Partial Hip Replacement (Hip Hemiarthroplasty)

• Hip Hemiarthroplasty only replaces the damaged femoral head, leaving the natural acetabulum intact.
• This option is commonly chosen for conditions like femoral neck fractures or when the acetabulum remains healthy.
• The procedure involves inserting a prosthetic ball on a stem into the femur.
• Hip Hemiarthroplasty helps alleviate pain and improve mobility while preserving the native socket.

The choice of procedure depends on the hip condition. THA addresses full joint issues; Hip Hemiarthroplasty targets the femoral head while preserving the socket.

You Can Also Read:  Caring for Your Spine: Understanding Degenerative Disc Disease

What is the Procedure for Hip Replacement?

Before the surgery

Before hip replacement surgery, your surgeon will:

• Examine yourself physically and evaluate your symptoms.
• Evaluate your hip’s range of motion.
• Inquire about your medications and supplements.

They will also compare your hips and assess muscle support. Pre-surgery tests include:

• Hip X-rays
• Blood tests (BMP)
• Urinalysis
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Computed tomography (CT) scan
• Electrocardiogram (EKG)

During the surgery

During a hip replacement, a surgeon replaces part or all of your hip with a prosthesis. Regional anaesthesia is administered, which blocks pain but doesn’t induce full unconsciousness. This anaesthesia is sometimes called a spinal or spinal block.

The procedure typically lasts 1-2 hours, with the type of replacement determining the exact duration. Prosthetic hips are commonly crafted from metal, plastic, or ceramic materials.

After the surgery

Hip replacements are often outpatient procedures, allowing same-day discharge. In some cases, an overnight hospital stay is needed for extended recovery and anaesthesia monitoring.

What Are the Pre-surgery Preparations and Considerations for a Hip Replacement?

Preparation for hip replacement involves several key steps and considerations:

• Medical evaluation: Undergo tests to assess your overall health.
• Medication review: Adjust or stop medications as needed, particularly blood thinners and anti-inflammatories.
• Allergies and health conditions: Inform the team about allergies and chronic health issues.
• Dental checkup: Address dental problems that could pose infection risks.
• Lifestyle modifications: Create a safe home environment, quit smoking, and limit alcohol.
• Weight management: Consider weight loss to reduce stress on the hip joint.
• Exercise and physical therapy: Strengthen muscles and improve mobility.
• Infection prevention: Follow antibiotic and hygiene instructions.
• Preoperative fasting: Abide by fasting guidelines.
• Assistive devices: Obtain mobility aids.
• Clothing and personal items: Pack essentials for your hospital stay.
• Support system: Arrange for assistance during recovery.
• Preoperative education: Attend informative sessions to understand the procedure and recovery process.

Clear communication with healthcare professionals is crucial for a safe and successful hip replacement.

How Do You Recover From Hip Replacement Surgery?

After hip replacement surgery, recovery times vary, typically taking several months.

Physical therapy is necessary for several months, starting as soon as 24 hours post-surgery. Your surgeon or therapist will provide exercises and monitor leg and hip strength, as well as your ability to stand and sit.

Strengthening and stretching hip muscles, gradual return to daily activities like climbing stairs, bending, and walking, and restoring range of motion can take six to 12 weeks.

Ask them for guidance on safe home movement, including walking, sitting, using the bathroom, bathing, dressing, and using stairs.

Conclusion

Hip replacement surgery can significantly enhance mobility and relieve pain, potentially transforming a patient’s life. With the right guidance and commitment to recovery, many individuals can regain their quality of life and enjoy a pain-free, active lifestyle after hip replacement surgery, hence it is always advisable to seek medical help from an experienced orthopaedic surgeon. Timely care and help can ensure an appropriate diagnosis and treatment of your condition. 

 

At the CK Birla Hospital, we ensure patients get holistic medical support which includes treatment in a compassionate environment. This patient-centric approach not only helps patients heal better but also ensures they are aware of the preventive measures as well. In case you need to consult an orthopaedic surgeon, reach out to us, or book a direct appointment at the CK Birla Hospital.

FAQs

What Are the Signs That You Might Need Hip Replacement Surgery?

Signs of hip replacement surgery include severe hip pain, limited mobility, stiffness, and reduced quality of life despite conservative treatments. Consult a doctor for evaluation.

How Long Does a Hip Replacement Last?

Hip replacements typically last 15-20 years or more, but durability can vary depending on factors like age, activity level, and implant type. Revision surgeries may be necessary eventually.

How to Prepare for a Hip Replacement Surgery?

Prepare for hip replacement surgery by following your doctor’s instructions, including medical evaluations, preoperative exercises, arranging post-surgery support, and planning for post-op recovery and rehabilitation.

What is the Difference Between Traditional and Minimally Invasive Hip Replacement?

Traditional hip replacement involves a larger incision and more muscle dissection, while minimally invasive uses smaller incisions with less muscle disruption, potentially leading to quicker recovery and less pain.