Infectious diseases

The diseases which are caused by organisms such as bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses are known as infectious diseases. Most infectious diseases can be transmitted from one person to another. There are several different types of infections that affect individuals uniquely. While some diseases are mild and go away on their own, others may be life-threatening if not treated in a timely manner.

There are varying signs and symptoms of different types of infectious diseases. Common symptoms include:

• Fever
• Diarrhoea
• Pain in muscles
• Persistent coughing
• Fatigue
• Difficulty in breathing
• Severe headache
• Skin rashes
• Swelling
• Sudden vision problems

Infectious diseases can be caused by the following four organisms:

• Bacteria
• Virus
• Fungi
• Parasites

Infectious diseases can spread through direct contact between the organism and person. For instance, transmitted from an infected person, mother to fetus, infection animal to person. It can, however, also spread through indirect contacts such as food contamination and insect bites.

The treatment of infectious diseases depends on the cause and type of the infection. If the infection is caused by bacteria, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics. Similarly, if the disease is a result of a virus, then antiviral medicines may be used. Your healthcare provider may give you additional lifestyle guidance to help relieve your symptoms.