Ovarian cancer is when there is a growth of cancer cells in the ovaries. These cells start to multiply quickly and start to affect the cells and tissues of the healthy body. There can be situations where ovarian cancer goes unnoticed until it reaches the pelvis and abdominal area.
The female reproductive system comprises two ovaries, i.e. one on each side. These ovaries are of an almond size which produces eggs as well as hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
Signs and Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer may include the factors mentioned below:
- Abdominal bloating
- Quickly feeling full when eating
- Weight loss
- Discomfort in the pelvic area
- Unexplained Fatigue
- Back pain
- Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation
- A frequent or urgent urination
The exact cause of ovarian cancer is unknown, below are some cases that can help identify the risk of the disease.
- When cells in or near the ovaries start to show some changes in the DNA
- Conceiving after the age of 35
- If the women has endometriosis
- Inherited gene changes
- Family history of ovarian cancer
- Being overweight or obese
- Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy
Tests and procedures used to diagnose ovarian cancer include:
- Pelvic exam
- Ultrasound or CT scans
- Blood tests
- Surgery
- Genetic testing
The treatment of ovarian cancer involves a combination of chemotherapy and surgery. Below are the treatment plans that may help treat ovarian cancer.
- Surgery – To remove one ovary, to remove both ovaries, to remove both ovaries and uterus and surgery for advance stage cancer.
- Chemotherapy – Treatment done to kill fast growing cells.
- Targeted Therapy – Can help cancer cells to die.
- Hormone Therapy – Block the effects of the hormone estrogen on ovarian cancer cells.
- Immunotherapy – Uses the immune system to fight cancer.
